信任对农民创业机会识别的影响

基于信任视角,构建农民创业者信任对创业机会识别的理论分析框架,运用链式多重中介方法,对浙江、安徽、河南和陕西4省880份农民创业者访谈数据进行实证分析,结果发现:信任能显著提高农民创业机会识别;农民创业者信任能通过外部知识获取与创业警觉性对创业机会识别产生间接影响,其作用路径有三条:外部知识获取的部分中介作用、创业警觉性的部分中介作用及外部知识获取与创业警觉性的链式中介作用。因此,政府应完善农民创业相关规章与制度;推进农村文化建设,提高信任水平;增加农民创业知识与技能的供给,培养农民创业者的机会警觉性。     

城投公司债券信用利差影响因素与对策研究

为防范政府债务风险,减少城投债信用违约事件的发生,采用多元线性回归模型,选取2014～2016年新发城投债中7年期公司债为样本,将政府财政及债券等个体因素相关指标作为自变量,以宏观因素指标作为控制变量,分析中国不同行政级别城投债信用利差的影响因素。研究认为,债券个体因素对县、市和省级城投债信用利差均有显著影响,宏观因素的影响随城投公司所属行政级别升高而升高;地方政府财政因素对各行政级别的影响方向相同,由于城投公司资质存在差异,政府财政因素对低行政级别信用利差的影响显著;不同行政级别下,各类因素对信用利差的影响略有不同,城投公司债券发行信用利差与评级情况和发行规模都呈负向关系,系数绝对值随行政级别的升高而降低,企业自身财务因素影响并不显著。地方政府应大力发展经济使城投公司融资成本降低,投资者在投资前利用多种指标估算债券发行信用利差,城投公司也要注意合理设计发债规模,使自身融资成本达到最低,监管机构加强对低行政级别城投公司债券发行的监管和宏观经济方面的政策引导,以此促进解决城投债问题和推动城投债公司合理发行债券。     

英语口语教学中的多元化评价

教学与评价是现代教育中的两个重要方面.随着语言评价研究的发展,对语言能力的评价逐渐从单一维度的测试转向各种评价工具和评价方式的多元化评价.本文在总结多元化评价的基本理念的基础上,分析了多元化评价在口语能力评价中的作用,结合口语课堂教学,提出多元化评价在口语教学中的具体实施方法.     

民事简易程序的价值选择

公正与效率是民事简易程序必须考量的两个既互相依存又有所冲突的价值目标。在司法与诉讼活动中,民事简易程序的价值取向既包括公正,又包括效率。民事简易程序价值取向的定位就在于诉讼公正和诉讼效率的协调。     

信息技术课程多元智力教学模式探究

多元智力理论超越了传统以语言——数理逻辑能力为中心的智力观念,它的发展对传统学科教育产生了深刻的影响,本文就信息技术课程学科特点,从多元智力角度对教学方法改革进行探讨和研究。     

A non-parametric statistic for testing conditional heteroscedasticity for unobserved component models

When prediction intervals are constructed using unobserved component models (UCM), problems can arise due to the possible existence of components that may or may not be conditionally heteroscedastic. Accurate coverage depends on correctly identifying the source of the heteroscedasticity. Different proposals for testing heteroscedasticity have been applied to UCM; however, in most cases, these procedures are unable to identify the heteroscedastic component correctly. The main issue is that test statistics are affected by the presence of serial correlation, causing the distribution of the statistic under conditional homoscedasticity to remain unknown. We propose a nonparametric statistic for testing heteroscedasticity based on the well-known Wilcoxon''s rank statistic. We study the asymptotic validation of the statistic and examine bootstrap procedures for approximating its finite sample distribution. Simulation results show an improvement in the size of the homoscedasticity tests and a power that is clearly comparable with the best alternative in the literature. We also apply the test on real inflation data. Looking for the presence of a conditionally heteroscedastic effect on the error terms, we arrive at conclusions that almost all cases are different than those given by the alternative test statistics presented in the literature.     

警察人权面临困境的行政法解析

袭警案件的多发凸显了警察人权面临的困境。警察人权处于警察与国家、警察与公民双重关系之中,结合行政法学上“特别权力关系”和“反射利益”两个基本概念研究警察的多重身份和警察权对警察人权的影响,有利于在理论和实践上对警察权益保护的研究能在一个更广阔的平台上进行。     

建立我国经济诉讼特别程序的思考

经济法律规范缺乏可诉性已是法学界公认的事实,单对现有制度的修修补补已无法解决这一问题.因此,应参照国外的成熟制度,在现有的制度上创新,建立我国的经济诉讼特别程序.为保证该程序发挥应有的作用,必须合理设计具体的操作方案并防止诉权的滥用.     

Will the ASA's Efforts to Improve Statistical Practice be Successful? Some Evidence to the Contrary

ABSTRACT

Recent efforts by the American Statistical Association to improve statistical practice, especially in countering the misuse and abuse of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) and p-values, are to be welcomed. But will they be successful? The present study offers compelling evidence that this will be an extraordinarily difficult task. Dramatic citation-count data on 25 articles and books severely critical of NHST's negative impact on good science, underlining that this issue was/is well known, did nothing to stem its usage over the period 1960–2007. On the contrary, employment of NHST increased during this time. To be successful in this endeavor, as well as restoring the relevance of the statistics profession to the scientific community in the 21st century, the ASA must be prepared to dispense detailed advice. This includes specifying those situations, if they can be identified, in which the p-value plays a clearly valuable role in data analysis and interpretation. The ASA might also consider a statement that recommends abandoning the use of p-values.