Association Models for Multi-Dimensional Cross-Classifications of Ordinal Variables

Models are formulated for describing associations among ordinal variables in multidimensional tables.Uniform association and uniform interaction models occur as special cases in which equal-interval scores are assigned to levels of the variables.The models described are extensions of ones proposed by Goodman (1979).     

The Disappointing Properties of GLS-Based Unit Root Tests in the Presence of Structural Breaks

Abstract

It is well known that prior application of GLS detrending, as advocated by Elliot et al. [Elliot, G., Rothenberg, T., Stock, J. (1996). Efficient tests for an autoregressive unit root. Econometrica 64:813–836], can produce a significant increase in power to reject the unit root null over that obtained from a conventional OLS-based Dickey and Fuller [Dickey, D., Fuller, W. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. J. Am. Statist. Assoc. 74:427–431] testing equation. However, this paper employs Monte Carlo simulation to demonstrate that this increase in power is not necessarily obtained when breaks occur in either level or trend. It is found that neither OLS nor GLS-based tests are robust to level or trend breaks, their size and power properties both deteriorating as the break size increases.     

Inference under Heteroscedasticity of Unknown Form Using an Adaptive Estimator

The heteroscedasticity consistent covariance matrix estimators are commonly used for the testing of regression coefficients when error terms of regression model are heteroscedastic. These estimators are based on the residuals obtained from the method of ordinary least squares and this method yields inefficient estimators in the presence of heteroscedasticity. It is usual practice to use estimated weighted least squares method or some adaptive methods to find efficient estimates of the regression parameters when the form of heteroscedasticity is unknown. But HCCM estimators are seldom derived from such efficient estimators for testing purposes in the available literature. The current article addresses the same concern and presents the weighted versions of HCCM estimators. Our numerical work uncovers the performance of these estimators and their finite sample properties in terms of interval estimation and null rejection rate.     

Least absolute relative error estimation for functional quadratic multiplicative model

ABSTRACT

As an alternative to the functional quadratic model due to Yao and Müller (2010 Yao, F., Müller, H.-G. (2010). Functional quadratic regression. Biometrika 97:49–64.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), we consider a functional quadratic multiplicative model. This multiplicative model provides a useful alternative when the relative error is considered for analyzing data with positive responses. The existing work for functional models are mainly based on absolute errors. The commonly used least squares criterion is just such an example. In many practical applications, however, people concern on the size of relative error rather than that of error itself. Therefore, the estimation procedure based on least absolute relative errors, which is proposed by Chen et al. (2010 Chen, K., Guo, S., Lin, Y., Ying, Z. (2010). Least absolute relative error estimation. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 105:1104–1112.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) for the linear multiplicative model, is developed for functional quadratic multiplicative model. The asymptotic behaviors of the proposed estimators are established. Some simulation studies show that the estimation procedure has good prediction performance. Moreover, a real data set is analyzed for illustrating the proposed methods.     

“礼”的英译问题研究

数百年来,西方传教士和汉学家翻译的儒家经典英文译本众多,但从儒家重要的思想概念之一“礼”的翻译来看,其中的曲译和误译现象十分普遍,原因是译者大都局限于字面意思,没能做到从汉民族历史文化的角度去透彻理解和翻译儒家思想。这种翻译虽然能在一定程度上起到“媒”的作用,但并不能传达出儒学真谛,据此西方读者无法真正认识儒家思想,这极不利于儒家思想的外传播。     

论会计信息失真的危害、成因及对策

会计信息是社会经济有效运行的重要基础。高质量的会计信息是保证信息使用者做出正确决策的基本前提,真实可靠的会计信息不仅能够为经济管理服务,还能规范社会经济秩序,消除腐败现象。在分析会计信息的重要性以及会计信息失真对企业和国家经济活动造成危害的基础上,分析了会计信息失真的原因,提出了防范会计信息失真的对策。     

上市公司违规性会计信息失真的原因与对策

会计信息的真实性对于微观的企业经营以及宏观的社会经济运行具有重要价值。文章从公司治理结构、会计中介机构、政府部门以及法律法规等方面分析其失真原因,认为纠正违规性会计信息失真应该从完善公司治理结构、加强对中介机构的管理、提高政府部门的监管能力和建立健全法律法规等方面入手,制定相应措施。     

构建和谐社会的法治分析

构建社会主义和谐社会,是我们党为完成执政历史任务、巩固执政社会基础、实现经济社会协调发展和国家长治久安而提出的重大理论和实践课题,文章主要从法治的视角来系统论证构建和谐社会的必要性和可能性.首先,从我国当前法治的制度现状、法治的功能以及中西国家治理的历史比较三个方面来分析法治对于构建和谐社会必要性的.其次,法治对于构建和谐社会的可能性在于,和谐社会与法治社会所追求的秩序井然、公平正义、权利保障等价值追求是一致的.     

被扭曲的木石前盟：－评《红楼梦》后四十回

《红楼梦》后四十回的描写,是违背曹雪芹原意的,木石前盟作为《红楼梦》的情节主线,同样是被续作者歪曲了的首先是抽去了木石前盟的思想基础——对传统观念的叛逆,其次是修正了木石前盟的爱情条件——相互尊重和人格平等的知己之爱;其三是改变了爱情主人公矢志不渝的个性特点。从而抹杀了木石前盟所体现的超越时代的积极精神。     

最蓝的眼睛能否拯救黑人同胞？——解读托妮·莫里森的《最蓝的眼睛》

在托尼·莫里森的第一部小说《最蓝的眼睛》中,黑人心灵在白人主流文化冲击下异化扭曲,发生了审美危机。同时,小说揭示了黑人民族只有保留住黑人文化,才能在两种文化的对撞中生存下来。