Tests of symmetry derived as components of pearson's phi-squared distance measure

Rank statistics which arise as estimates of the first and third components of a frequency decomposition of Pearson's phi-squared distance measure, introduced by Eubank, LaRiccia, and Rosenstein (1987), are examined for their usefulness as tests of symmetry about a known median against various asymmetric alternatives, Pitman asymptotic relative efficiencies are used to compare the efficacies of the new statistics with classical test procedures, and empirical powers of the new tests are compared via simulation for a variety of asymmetric distributions. Statistics which arise from components based on Legendre polynomials are of particular interest. The first component is the familiar Wilcoxon signed rank statistic. The third component, which is a new statistic for this problem, exhibits a high level of sensitivity to a variety of asymmetric alternatives both asymptotically and in small sample studies.     

A certain locally most powerful test for one-way random effects model: full distribution and power considerations

We investigate the properties of the locally most powerful nonparametric criterion against logistic alternatives developed by Govindarajulu (1975) for testing one-way random effects modcls. We deduce the appropriate computational forms for the test criterion T and tabulate the critical values of T for α = .01, .05 and 0.10, and various sample sizes. Certain features of the computational methods are discussed. In the tables we retain only those sample sizes beyond which the asymptotic theory is meaningful. We also study the power comparison of the test for two populations with the classical F-test under a range of normal alternatives.     

Multivariate rank tests for the two-sample location problem

A multivariate affinc-invariant family of rank tests is proposed for the two sample location problem. The class of statistics introduced is built upon Randles' multivariate one-sample sign statistic based on interdirections and the multivariate one-sample signed-rank statistic of Peters and Randles. Asymptotic relative efficiencies are obtained which indicate that selected members of the class perform very well for a broad class of distributions. Further comparisons are made among several statistics using Monte Carlo results.     

Geometry of a corelation coefficient under a copula

Spearman's rank correlation coefficient is shown to be a measure of distance on the unit square, which characterizes the concentration of the probability density under a copula. A distance function offers insight into structuring copulas with a desired degree of association.     

Designing cancer immunotherapy trials with delayed treatment effect using maximin efficiency robust statistics

The indirect mechanism of action of immunotherapy causes a delayed treatment effect, producing delayed separation of survival curves between the treatment groups, and violates the proportional hazards assumption. Therefore using the log‐rank test in immunotherapy trial design could result in a severe loss efficiency. Although few statistical methods are available for immunotherapy trial design that incorporates a delayed treatment effect, recently, Ye and Yu proposed the use of a maximin efficiency robust test (MERT) for the trial design. The MERT is a weighted log‐rank test that puts less weight on early events and full weight after the delayed period. However, the weight function of the MERT involves an unknown function that has to be estimated from historical data. Here, for simplicity, we propose the use of an approximated maximin test, the V₀ test, which is the sum of the log‐rank test for the full data set and the log‐rank test for the data beyond the lag time point. The V₀ test fully uses the trial data and is more efficient than the log‐rank test when lag exits with relatively little efficiency loss when no lag exists. The sample size formula for the V₀ test is derived. Simulations are conducted to compare the performance of the V₀ test to the existing tests. A real trial is used to illustrate cancer immunotherapy trial design with delayed treatment effect.     

A comparison of the classical and the linear programming approaches to the classification problem in discriminant analysis

Several mathematical programming approaches to the classification problem in discriminant analysis have recently been introduced. This paper empirically compares these newly introduced classification techniques with Fisher's linear discriminant analysis (FLDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), logit analysis, and several rank-based procedures for a variety of symmetric and skewed distributions. The percent of correctly classified observations by each procedure in a holdout sample indicate that while under some experimental conditions the linear programming approaches compete well with the classical procedures, overall, however, their performance lags behind that of the classical procedures.     

大学去行政化是梦？非梦？

大学行政化恣意蔓延实在是危害大学生命。目前，我国关于大学去行政化形成了一个共识：大学需要行政但不能行政化；进行了两个方面的探索：学者的理论探索，政府与大学的实践探索；要明确三个关系：政府、大学与学者的关系；存在四个困惑：没有行政级别的大学恐怕会陷入暂时性混乱，去行政化是国际大学管理面临的难题，大学内部改革是体制改革最艰难的过程，大学内部官学一体化是去行政化的难点；要实现五个突破：让大学依法自主办学，让大学回归学术本位，让大学实施官学分离，让大学实现行政服务，让大学拥有改革实验区。     

江西省外来入侵植物现状分析

调查研究发现,江西省现有外来入侵植物85种,隶属27个科64个属,且主要集中在菊科、禾本科、豆科和苋科,上述4科总计包括入侵植物50种,占全部种类的58.9%。入侵危害性最强的植物种有22种,占入侵植物总数的25.9%;入侵性较强的植物种有28种,占总数的32.9%,入侵性最弱的有35种,占总数的41.2%。一年生或两年生草本有25种,占总数的45.5%;多年生草本有27种,占总数的49.1%。在地理起源方面,江西省入侵植物多来自于美洲和欧洲。研究结果表明,江西省入侵植物的种类数量和入侵危害性均呈上升趋势。     

新见北齐《贾进墓志》考释

2008年出土于河南安阳的北齐《贾进墓志》,记载了墓主的籍贯、先祖、仕履、性情和卒葬地等情况,具有较高的史料价值。通过对墓志的整理和分析,我们发现,墓志中存在不少疑难问题,如冒袭先祖以抬高身世;＂尔朱雕阳王＂史无记载,可能有误;贾进官职从＂郎中令＂跃升＂车骑大将军＂,可能不实。