从贾府中的太太、奶奶们看《红楼梦》的悲剧色彩

《红楼梦》是一部整体的家族悲剧，在这个悲剧中，女性的悲剧命运是最为打动人心的，也最为深刻地反映了封建礼教和封建家族对人性摧残。本文将贾府的太太、奶奶们分为四个类型，通过她们悲剧性的命运来分析《红楼梦》的悲剧色彩。     

The exact nonparametric analysis of a class of experimental designs

This article given an efficient computer algorithm for a certain nonparametric regression method based on Kendall's rank correlation statistics. The method applies to experimental designs for which the set of covariates exhibits certain orthogonality properties, and the dependent variables is continuous. Testing, point and interval estimation, and ties are discussed.     

党政领导干部队伍的结构性缺陷探析

干部队伍结构关系执政基础和政府稳固,体现执政党的先进性。以实证方法从干部的来源、年龄、知识、职位和数量等五个方面分析干部队伍结构的突出问题,从布局和机制上提出五方面对策建议:高度重视从基层一线发现和选拔领导干部;科学把握干部年轻化的内涵;统筹兼顾社会各阶层各领域人才的从政机会;切实做好干部的交流工作;加大干部资源开发的力度。     

On multiple comparisons among K samples subject to unequal patterns of censorship

Two multiple comparisons procedures for determining which of K arbitrarily censored populations differ from each other are proposed. The procedures are based on multiple comparisons using the generalized Wilcoxon and log-rank statistics. The procedures incorporate a pairwise ranking scheme, rather than the joint ranking scheme proposed by Breslow (1970) and Crowley and Thomas (1975). A conservative testing method suggested by an inequality due to ?idák (1967) is given; a numerical example is presented.     

Review of guidelines and literature for handling missing data in longitudinal clinical trials with a case study

Missing data in clinical trials are inevitable. We highlight the ICH guidelines and CPMP points to consider on missing data. Specifically, we outline how we should consider missing data issues when designing, planning and conducting studies to minimize missing data impact. We also go beyond the coverage of the above two documents, provide a more detailed review of the basic concepts of missing data and frequently used terminologies, and examples of the typical missing data mechanism, and discuss technical details and literature for several frequently used statistical methods and associated software. Finally, we provide a case study where the principles outlined in this paper are applied to one clinical program at protocol design, data analysis plan and other stages of a clinical trial.     

艺术语言与科学语言的语法差异性

艺术语言和科学语言在语法上存在较大的差异,本文试从语素、词、短语、句子和句群五级语法单位的角度,对其作了比较研究。艺术语言和科学语言相比,在词一级语法单位的差异性表现为词类的活用;在短语一级表现为变异搭配;在句子一级表现为多种修辞格的运用;在旬群一级表现为整体设喻,在特殊的句群——篇章层级就表现为童话、散文诗等不同的语体。     

Spurious Inference in Reduced‐Rank Asset‐Pricing Models

This note studies some seemingly anomalous results that arise in possibly misspecified, reduced‐rank linear asset‐pricing models estimated by the continuously updated generalized method of moments. When a spurious factor (that is, a factor that is uncorrelated with the returns on the test assets) is present, the test for correct model specification has asymptotic power that is equal to the nominal size. In other words, applied researchers will erroneously conclude that the model is correctly specified even when the degree of misspecification is arbitrarily large. The rejection probability of the test for overidentifying restrictions typically decreases further in underidentified models where the dimension of the null space is larger than 1.     

Buckley–James Type Estimator for Censored Data with Covariates Missing by Design

Abstract. The Buckley–James estimator (BJE) is a well‐known estimator for linear regression models with censored data. Ritov has generalized the BJE to a semiparametric setting and demonstrated that his class of Buckley–James type estimators is asymptotically equivalent to the class of rank‐based estimators proposed by Tsiatis. In this article, we revisit such relationship in censored data with covariates missing by design. By exploring a similar relationship between our proposed class of Buckley–James type estimating functions to the class of rank‐based estimating functions recently generalized by Nan, Kalbfleisch and Yu, we establish asymptotic properties of our proposed estimators. We also conduct numerical studies to compare asymptotic efficiencies from various estimators.     

A review of statistical methods in imaging genetics

With the rapid growth of modern technology, many biomedical studies are being conducted to collect massive datasets with volumes of multi‐modality imaging, genetic, neurocognitive and clinical information from increasingly large cohorts. Simultaneously extracting and integrating rich and diverse heterogeneous information in neuroimaging and/or genomics from these big datasets could transform our understanding of how genetic variants impact brain structure and function, cognitive function and brain‐related disease risk across the lifespan. Such understanding is critical for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of numerous complex brain‐related disorders (e.g., schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease). However, the development of analytical methods for the joint analysis of both high‐dimensional imaging phenotypes and high‐dimensional genetic data, a big data squared (BD²) problem, presents major computational and theoretical challenges for existing analytical methods. Besides the high‐dimensional nature of BD², various neuroimaging measures often exhibit strong spatial smoothness and dependence and genetic markers may have a natural dependence structure arising from linkage disequilibrium. We review some recent developments of various statistical techniques for imaging genetics, including massive univariate and voxel‐wise approaches, reduced rank regression, mixture models and group sparse multi‐task regression. By doing so, we hope that this review may encourage others in the statistical community to enter into this new and exciting field of research. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 47: 108–131; 2019 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada     

Affine Invariant Multivariate Sign and Rank Tests and Corresponding Estimates: a Review

The paper reviews recent contributions to the statistical inference methods, tests and estimates, based on the generalized median of Oja. Multivariate analogues of sign and rank concepts, affine invariant one-sample and two-sample sign tests and rank tests, affine equivariant median and Hodges–Lehmann-type estimates are reviewed and discussed. Some comparisons are made to other generalizations. The theory is illustrated by two examples.