有期权条件下的易逝品订购策略研究

在现实生活中,有大量的易逝品存在.由于易逝品价值递减的特性和需求的不确定性,使易逝品的订购较为困难并可能在期末由于未能出售导致零售商蒙受巨大的损失.作者将期权引入了易逝品订购之中,以最大化期望收益为目标,给出了易逝品最优订购数量.     

非对称信息下证券公司道德风险定价模型的研究

由于证券市场上非对称信息状态的存在,信息差别给证券投资者保护制度带来了不容忽视的道德风险结果,本文通过建立证券公司道德风险定价模型,计算出了证券公司向证券投资者保护基金机构缴纳保护基金的费率基准。据此,在保护证券投资者利益的基础上,证券投资者保护基金机构可以向证券公司按照给出的费率基准收取保护基金,从而减少证券公司道德风险的发生。     

投资基金中套牢的选择性契约分析

通过对传统的选择性契约加以改进,结合投资基金的实务操作,具体探讨了投资双方选择性权利下的不同利益后果,并加入了重谈机制,通过契约重谈达到最优选择。     

论1946年国民党内战政策的选择及其后果

抗战胜利后所出现的特定的政治环境，使国民党面临着和平民主或内战独裁的两难选择。最终，基于党派及其私人的既得利益的维护，以及对于共产党力量的低估，国民党选择了内战政策。这一错误的政策选择，使国民党政权很快陷入了空前严重的危机，丧尽了其统治的合法性。     

Dynamic Pricing to Minimize Maximum Regret

We consider a dynamic pricing problem that involves selling a given inventory of a single product over a short, two‐period selling season. There is insufficient time to replenish inventory during this season, hence sales are made entirely from inventory. The demand for the product is a stochastic, nonincreasing function of price. We assume interval uncertainty for demand, that is, knowledge of upper and lower bounds but not a probability distribution, with no correlation between the two periods. We minimize the maximum total regret over the two periods that results from the pricing decisions. We consider a dynamic model where the decision maker chooses the price for each period contingent on the remaining inventory at the beginning of the period, and a static model where the decision maker chooses the prices for both periods at the beginning of the first period. Both models can be solved by a polynomial time algorithm that solves systems of linear inequalities. Our computational study demonstrates that the prices generated by both our models are insensitive to errors in estimating the demand intervals. Our dynamic model outperforms our static model and two classical approaches that do not use demand probability distributions, when evaluated by maximum regret, average relative regret, variability, and risk measures. Further, our dynamic model generates a total expected revenue which closely approximates that of a maximum expected revenue approach which requires demand probability distributions.     

我国公共定价管制研究——以输配电价管制为例

尽管公共定价不涉及政府对经济的直接调控,但科学管制公共定价同样关系到资源配置效率、收入分配公平以及财政收支规模等重要问题,因此对公共定价管制进行研究,对于推进我国现阶段市场经济体制中的公共企业改革、政府职能转变及经济结构调整有着重要意义。在此背景下,以输配电价管制为例对我国公共定价管制进行研究,尝试为政府管制放松浪潮背景下我国公共定价管制机制改革提出可行的改革思路、路径及政策建议。     

论当代中国马克思主义民族特色建构的途径

中国马克思主义民族特色是中国特色社会主义理论的本质所在。不断赋予当代中国马克思主义的鲜明民族特色就是要形成鲜明的中国特色社会主义理论。从马克思主义中国化的成就看，民族特色首先要重点建设特色社会主义理论的民族内容，要突出对马克思主义理论的民族性解读，要把民族精神融入当代中国马克思主义理论，使之成为民族特色的核心。所以，重视民族内容建设、民族认识方法和民族核心价值建设是构建当代中国马克思主义鲜明民族特色的主要途径。     

Technical Note – Pricing Below Cost Under Exchange‐Rate Risk

Pricing below cost is often classified as “dumping” in international trade and as “predatory pricing” in local markets. It is legally prohibited from practice because of earlier findings that it leads to predatory behavior by either eliminating competition or stealing market share. This study shows that a stochastic exchange rate can create incentives for a profit‐minded monopoly firm to set price below marginal cost. Our result departs from earlier findings because the optimal pricing decision is based on a rational behavior that does not exhibit any malicious intent against the competition to be considered as violating anti‐trust laws. The finding is a robust result, because our analysis demonstrates that this behavior occurs under various settings such as when the firm (i) is risk‐averse, (ii) can postpone prices until after exchange rates are realized, (iii) is capable of manufacturing in multiple countries, and (iv) operates under demand uncertainty in addition to the random exchange rate.     

碳限额与交易政策下供应链低碳技术投资时机研究

在碳排放权限额与交易政策环境下, 碳排放权交易价格的不确定性对供应链企业选择低碳技术投资时机具有重要的影响。利用实物期权理论评估碳交易价格不确定情况下供应链低碳技术投资具有的期权价值, 建立供应链低碳技术投资时机决策的基本模型, 在此基础上, 构建考虑供应链内部合作的低碳技术投资博弈模型, 重点讨论供应链上下游企业在对投资时机与转移支付比例进行决策的均衡策略。基于上述模型, 通过数值算例进一步分析低碳技术投资时机的影响因素。研究结果表明:碳减排率水平、碳价波动率、企业间转移支付比例等因素会对低碳投资门槛产生影响, 供应链企业应综合评价碳价波动下低碳技术投资的期权价值, 合理选择投资时机与转移支付比例的最佳平衡点, 实现经济效益和低碳减排的双重目标, 并保障供应链协调与投资优化。     

或有可转换债券的定价和公司资本结构

假设公司收益流服从算术布朗运动,考虑包含或有可转换债券(CCB) 的公司资本结构问题,计算公司证券均衡价格,分析公司破产概率、公司收益风险与公司资本结构之间的数量关系． 结果表明: CCB 不但显著降低破产概率,减小管理者“资产替代”动机,而且吸收公司大部分风险,大幅提升公司总价值; CCB 的收益率差价明显高于普通债券; 公司收益流与市场正(负) 相关程度越高,公司总价值越小(大) ．