5052铝合金搅拌摩擦焊残余应力场数值模拟研究

针对目前铝合金搅拌摩擦焊的焊后残余应力过大,且内部残余应力难以测量的现象,课题组提出了基于热弹塑性法和顺序热力耦合方式的搅拌摩擦焊应力模拟的热源模型、边界条件模型和有限元模型,采用正交设计的方法对影响残余应力3个主要因素进行数值模拟的设计,并对模拟结果进行试验验证。模拟与试验结果均表明合适的焊接参数（转速取1 000 r·min-1,焊速取120 mm·min-1,预热时间取3 s）能有效减小5020铝合金搅拌摩擦焊的焊后残余应力,且数值模拟得到残余应力与实际焊后残余应力结果较为吻合。     

石家庄六线隧道模型试验相似材料研究

满足相似关系的模型材料是模型试验成功的关键。在调研相似材料研究现状的基础上,依托石家庄六线隧道模型试验项目,应用量纲分析法推导出了相关参数的相似判据。根据相似原则,以粘聚力和摩擦角为主要相似判据,选用重晶石粉、石英砂和凡士林的混合物为模型材料,通过正交设计法研制出了地层相似材料。以抗压强度为相似判据,选用石膏材料为模型材料,研制出了灌注桩和锚索注浆体相似材料。     

基于CFD的锥形散射器强化清灰特性数值模拟及优化

针对外滤式滤筒除尘器作业时,尘粒附着在滤料表面,导致过滤效率低、系统阻力高等问题,课题组提出加装锥形散射器,辅助提升压缩气体喷吹压力,干扰流场实现清灰;并采用计算流体力学数值方法对除尘器清灰过程的流场进行模拟。研究结果表明：无散射器的喷吹清灰过程中,滤筒上、中、下的侧壁正压峰值随着喷吹距离的变化,无明显规律呈现;加装锥形散射器后,3个测点位置的侧壁正压峰值呈现出规律变化,随着喷吹距离增加,压力先提升后降低。对散射器顶点距入口距离、底面直径和高度3个因素进行了优化设计,得出最佳结构参数为：散射器顶点距入口10 mm,散射器底面直径60 mm,散射器高度40 mm。     

On the relative accuracy of certain bootstrap procedures

We show the second-order relative accuracy, on bounded sets, of the Studentized bootstrap, exponentially tilted bootstrap and nonparametric likelihood tilted bootstrap, for means and smooth functions of means. We also consider the relative errors for larger deviations. Our method exploits certain connections between Edgeworth and saddlepoint approximations to simplify the computations.     

基于波导模式正交的新吸收边界条件

提出了一种可同时吸收波导内行波和雕落波型的新型吸收边界条件。与常规的吸收边界条件相结合,在这种新的吸收边界条件下,可将边界紧置于不连续区附近而保持计算精度,使计算时间和对计算机内存的要求都大大下降。数值计算的例子表明用新的边界条件计算出的结果与用常用吸收边界条件计算出的结果吻合得很好     

Non Null Asymptotic Distributions of Some Criteria in Censored Exponential Regression

In this article, we consider the class of censored exponential regression models which is very useful for modeling lifetime data. Under a sequence of Pitman alternatives, the asymptotic expansions up to order n^{? 1/2} of the non null distribution functions of the likelihood ratio, Wald, Rao score, and gradient statistics are derive in this class of models. The non null asymptotic distribution functions of these statistics are obtained for testing a composite null hypothesis in the presence of nuisance parameters. The power of all four tests, which are equivalent to first order, are compared based on these non null asymptotic expansions. Furthermore, in order to compare the finite-sample performance of these tests in this class of models, we consider Monte Carlo simulations. We also present an empirical application for illustrative purposes.     

Bootstrapping Realized Volatility

We propose bootstrap methods for a general class of nonlinear transformations of realized volatility which includes the raw version of realized volatility and its logarithmic transformation as special cases. We consider the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) bootstrap and the wild bootstrap (WB), and prove their first‐order asymptotic validity under general assumptions on the log‐price process that allow for drift and leverage effects. We derive Edgeworth expansions in a simpler model that rules out these effects. The i.i.d. bootstrap provides a second‐order asymptotic refinement when volatility is constant, but not otherwise. The WB yields a second‐order asymptotic refinement under stochastic volatility provided we choose the external random variable used to construct the WB data appropriately. None of these methods provides third‐order asymptotic refinements. Both methods improve upon the first‐order asymptotic theory in finite samples.     

Bias Correction in the Dynamic Panel Data Model with a Nonscalar Disturbance Covariance Matrix

Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary and generalized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) estimators in dynamic panel data models. Results from Kiviet [Kiviet, J. F. (1995), on bias, inconsistency, and efficiency of various estimators in dynamic panel data models, J. Econometrics68:53-78; Kiviet, J. F. (1999), Expectations of expansions for estimators in a dynamic panel data model: some results for weakly exogenous regressors, In: Hsiao, C., Lahiri, K., Lee, L-F., Pesaran, M. H., eds., Analysis of Panels and Limited Dependent Variables, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 199-225] are extended to higher-order dynamic panel data models with general covariance structure. The focus is on estimation of both short- and long-run coefficients. The results show that proper modelling of the disturbance covariance structure is indispensable. The bias approximations are used to construct bias corrected estimators which are then applied to quarterly data from 14 European Union countries. Money demand functions for M1, M2 and M3 are estimated for the EU area as a whole for the period 1991: I-1995: IV. Significant spillovers between countries are found reflecting the dependence of domestic money demand on foreign developments. The empirical results show that in general plausible long-run effects are obtained by the bias corrected estimators. Moreover, finite sample bias, although of moderate magnitude, is present underlining the importance of more refined estimation techniques. Also the efficiency gains by exploiting the heteroscedasticity and cross-correlation patterns between countries are sometimes considerable.     

Approximation of density functions by orthogonal series with grouped data

Summary Letg(x) andf(x) be continuous density function on (a, b) and let {ϕ_j} be a complete orthonormal sequence of functions onL ₂(g), which is the set of squared integrable functions weighted byg on (a, b). Suppose that over (a, b). Given a grouped sample of sizen fromf(x), the paper investigates the asymptotic properties of the restricted maximum likelihood estimator of density, obtained by setting all but the firstm of the ϑ_j’s equal to0. Practical suggestions are given for performing estimation via the use of Fourier and Legendre polynomial series. Research partially supported by: CNR grant, n. 93. 00837. CT10.     

Cutting Experimental Designs into Blocks

Most experimental material in agriculture and industry is heterogeneous in nature and therefore its statistical analysis benefits from blocking. Many experiments are restricted in time or space, and again blocking is useful. This paper adopts the idea of orthogonal blocking of Box & Hunter (1957) and applies it to optimal blocking designs. This approach is then compared with the determinant-based approach described in the literature for constructing block designs.