试论电视教材的设计

针对当前电视教材设计中存在的重知识传授,忽视学生综合素质培养的现状,提出了以电视教材编制理论为基础,将素质教育的理念贯穿在电视教材的选题,教学设计、内容、结构、节奏、表达形式等环节的设计之中,编制素质教育需要的电视教材。     

A two phases queueing system with Bernoulli vacation schedule under multiple vacation policy

This paper deals with a single server Poisson arrival queue with two phases of heterogeneous service along with a Bernoulli schedule vacation model, where after two successive phases service the server either goes for a vacation with probability p (0≤p≤1) or may continue to serve the next unit, if any, with probability q(=1−p). Further the concept of multiple vacation policy is also introduced here. We obtained the queue size distributions at a departure epoch and at a random epoch, Laplace Stieltjes Transform of the waiting time distribution and busy period distribution along with some mean performance measures. Finally we discuss some statistical inference related issues.     

鲇鱼(Silurus asotus)产卵类型的研究

本文侧重研究了站鱼个体生殖力及产卵类型。结果表明：雌性个体1冬龄达性成熟,性腺一次成熟,卵子分批产出,产卵期是6—8月份,性成熟系数在7月份达高峰,8月份是产卵盛期,在产卵前的卵巢切片只发现有第4时相和第5时相卵母细胞,确定产卵类型为一次产卵。     

PSS码词组输入法及教学实践

本文介绍了PSS码（拼音、声调、首笔码）汉字输入法的词组编码及输入方法,并总结了PSS码作为一门选修课的教学效果。     

A gender comparison of HIV and drug use across the rural-urban continuum

Despite the central role of women drug users in escalating AIDS statistics, there is still a limited number of studies that examine the roles of gender and drug use type in HIV seroprevalence. This lacuna in the research literature has led to significant gaps in researchers' understanding of how and to what extent women may differ in their drug-using and HIV risk behaviors compared to their better-studied male counterparts. This study, derived from a sample of 3,555 out-of-treatment drug users residing in three South Florida urban and rural communities, attempts to compare the drug usage and needle and sexual risk behaviors of male and female drug users that put them at risk for HIV infection. The overall seropositivity rate for women drug users was 26.5% compared to 19.5% for their male counterparts. Results of multivariate analyses indicate that females compared to males were 1.4 times more likely to be HIV seropositive. Risk behaviors associated with this elevated seropositivity include living arrangements, homeless status, drug use, sexual trading behaviors, and history of STDs. Furthermore, there was a strong linear relationship between drug use type and HIV seroprevalence among women drug users. Compared to those who were neither crack smokers nor injectors of illicit drugs, those who were crack smokers only were 2 times more likely to be HIV seropositive, while those who were both crack smokers and injectors were 5 times more likely to be HIV seropositive, and those who were injectors only were 6 times more likely to be HIV seropositive. These findings indicate that among women, drug abuse and its associated risk behaviors, increase the vulnerability of this population for HIV and thus render them an extremely important priority population on which to focus HIV prevention and public health efforts and programs.     

Transformation using ( x + 0.5) to stabilize the variance of populations

Transformation is required to achieve homo-scedasticity when we perform ANOVA to test the effect of factors on population abundance. The effectiveness of transformations decreases when the data contain zeros. Especially, the logarithmic transformation or the Box–Cox transformation is not applicable in such a case. For the logarithmic transformation, 1 is traditionally added to avoid such problems. However, there is no concrete foundation as to why 1 is added rather than other constants, such as 0.5 or 2, although the result of ANOVA is much influenced by the added constant. In this paper, I suggest that 0.5 is preferable to 1 as an added constant, because a discrete distribution defined in {0, 1, 2, . . .} is approximately described by a corresponding continuous distribution defined in (0, ≧) if we add 0.5. Numerical investigation confirms this prediction. Received: October 16, 1998 / Accepted: June 10, 1999     

对当前工业设计教学模式的思考

近年来,有些院校在工业设计专业的新教学计划中提出了“课程环”的构想。这样的教学模式试图把先前自成一体的课程有机地融解在数个相对的小系统中,进而形成以课题设计为中心的大系统。而过去的“三段式”教学模式则是以各门独立课程为中心的。在“三段式”教育下,有的学生几乎每门功课都优秀却做不出好设计来,更有甚者不懂设计程序而无法完成完整的设计。这种教学模式存在诸多弊端。     

高管层团队人口特征与公司业绩关系的实证研究

以沪深两市156家上市公司为研究样本,考察了我国企业高层管理团队人口特征与组织绩效之间的关系。研究发现,我国上市公司高管人员管理背景的多样性和平均年龄对企业业绩有显著的促进作用,但高管团队平均学历水平及学历水平的差异性对企业业绩的影响不显著。     

机械原理和设计课程设计教学探索与实践

基于产品实现过程的指导思想,结合长期参加机械原理课程设计和机械零件课程设计课指导工作实践的体会,从教学中存在的实际问题出发,进行了一系列的探索和实践。通过教学改革,学生的学习主动性、积极性增强,创新能力、实际设计能力得到了更大提高。课程设计的内容只有进行适当的改革,与工程实际结合更紧密,才能更有利于高校的人才培养。     

供应链间的竞争与协调合同设计研究

近来年,经济全球化环境中的市场竞争,越来越体现在市场中供应链之间的竞争。因此,运用News-vendor模型和博弈论方法,从行业协会角度研究竞争情况下不同供应链间在批发价合同、回购合同、收益共享合同、数量弹性合同和销售折扣合同下的协调条件,可以为通过行业协会协调增加各方利润,提供协调供应链的具体方式,从而得到协调两条供应链的合同设计方法。