我国产业结构调整的思考

要促进国民经济的持续增长,就要对原有产业结构进行调整.调整的的主体;关键有两点:一是结构调整二是调整的方式.     

模糊群体决策方法在应急决策中的应用

目的/意义伴随着社会经济的发展,加性偏好关系下二分类群体共识决策在选调生选拔、律所实习生留用和基金项目评审等诸多现实问题均有所体现,因而需要提出针对性的分析方法。设计/方法给出了二分类选择方法,用以获得个体和群体关于备选方案集的二分类向量;给出了二分类共识方法,协助个体调整偏好,从而获得具有较高共识水平的二分类。结论/发现从最小调整成本视角,建立了加性偏好关系下二分类群体共识决策方法。所提方法可扩展应用解决多个领域中二分类群体决策问题,具备了应用上的普适性。     

三支决策模型及其研究现状分析

目的/意义二分类群体决策问题广泛存在于社会民生和区域经济中的各个领域,例如：公务员面试、酒店推荐以及交通出行路线选择等。因此,需要提出合理的二分类群体决策方法,从而为政府和相关企业提供决策支持。设计/方法在考虑个体后悔规避行为的基础上,建立二分类选择过程,获得个体和群体关于备选方案的二分类向量;进一步建立二分类共识过程,协助个体调整偏好,从而获得具有较高共识水平的二分类。结论/发现从最小调整成本视角,建立了后悔规避行为下二分类群体决策方法,更加贴近现实决策情景,进一步丰富了群体决策方法的应用范围。     

Connecting for success: Egocentric network types among underrepresented minority students at college

This study investigates the egocentric networks of underrepresented minority students. Adjustment to college for underrepresented minority students often means balancing between the origin (i.e., low-status family) and host (i.e., academic) environments, requiring students to develop different coping strategies. The analysis included 124 Roma university students. We employed the contact diary method and the EgoNet program for mapping students’ egocentric networks. We explored classification among egocentric networks by cluster analysis based on the network proportion of the origin, fellow, and host groups. Three clusters were distinguished. The Host-based cluster proved to be the most advantageous, while the Balancing cluster appeared to be the most disadvantageous in terms of network resources, well-being, and trust. Partners’ ethnicity and educational attainment showed a strong connection with cluster membership. Our results highlight that small fellow communities can successfully interconnect the origin and host groups in students’ egocentric networks.     

A pool-adjacent-violators-algorithm approach to detect infinite parameter estimates in one-regressor dose–response models with asymptotes

Binary response models are often applied in dose–response settings where the number of dose levels is limited. Commonly, one can find cases where the maximum likelihood estimation process for these models produces infinite values for at least one of the parameters, often corresponding to the ‘separated data’ issue. Algorithms for detecting such data have been proposed, but are usually incorporated directly into in the parameter estimation. Additionally, they do not consider the use of asymptotes in the model formulation. In order to study this phenomenon in greater detail, we define the class of specifiably degenerate functions where this can occur (including the popular logistic and Weibull models) that allows for asymptotes in the dose–response specification. We demonstrate for this class that the well-known pool-adjacent-violators algorithm can efficiently pre-screen for non-estimable data. A simulation study demonstrates the frequency with which this problem can occur for various response models and conditions.     

Confucius＇ Psychological Adjustment Strategies and Its Revelation for Teachers

孔子以丰厚的学识修养锻炼出成熟丰富的心理调适策略：树立崇高的价值取向；构建学习型生活方式；培养高雅的生活情趣；固守正确的交友观念；保持幽默的人生态度。这些策略对当代教师具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Spanish migrants to European Union countries: predictors of psychological adjustment / Españoles que emigran a países de la Unión Europea: predictores de su ajuste psicológico

In recent years, the migration of Spanish people to other countries in Europe has increased; however, there are hardly any studies on this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to identify the predictive sociodemographic and psychosocial factors of psychological adjustment (life satisfaction and absence of internalizing symptoms) of emigrants and to determine the indirect effects of these factors through perceived stress. This study also seeks to examine whether the psychological adjustment of Spanish emigrants was similar to Spanish non-emigrants. The sample was made up of a group of Spanish emigrants to Germany and England (n = 858) and an equivalent control group of Spanish non-emigrants (n = 328). The results show that fulfilment of expectations, emotional support and job quality are the best predictors of perceived stress and psychological adjustment. These factors are confirmed to have indirect effects on psychological adjustment through perceived stress. Finally, the mental health of emigrants and non-emigrants was similar, and the implications of these findings are discussed.     

Scanner Data and the Treatment of Quality Change in Nonrevisable Price Indexes

The recently developed rolling year GEKS procedure makes maximum use of all matches in the data to construct nonrevisable price indexes that are approximately free from chain drift. A potential weakness is that unmatched items are ignored. In this article we use imputation Törnqvist price indexes as inputs into the rolling year GEKS procedure. These indexes account for quality changes by imputing the “missing prices” associated with new and disappearing items. Three imputation methods are discussed. The first method makes explicit imputations using a hedonic regression model which is estimated for each time period. The other two methods make implicit imputations; they are based on time dummy hedonic and time-product dummy regression models and are estimated on bilateral pooled data. We present empirical evidence for New Zealand from scanner data on eight consumer electronics products and find that accounting for quality change can make a substantial difference.     

孔子的心理调适策略及对教师的启示

孔子以丰厚的学识修养锻炼出成熟丰富的心理调适策略:树立崇高的价值取向;构建学习型生活方式;培养高雅的生活情趣;固守正确的交友观念;保持幽默的人生态度。这些策略对当代教师具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Religion in the Lives of Older Women Serving Life in Prison

This exploratory qualitative study examined the roles of religiousness in the lives of 21 older women (mean age = 63) serving life sentences in one southern state. Based on survey and focus group methodology, several themes emerged as important focal points, including early religious experiences prior to incarceration, imprisonment and religious doubt, participation in formal and informal religious activities, and use of religion in coping with stressors such as interpersonal relationships, trauma, and health statuses. Irrespective of their religious upbringing, all participants agreed that religiosity/spirituality played a key role in their ability to cope with their prison experience as well as for maintaining hope and the opportunity for release.