论弗洛伊德精神分析学说的三种解释方式

弗洛伊德的精神分析学说是当代西方理论界争议较大的学说之一。争议的主要分歧在于精神分析学说的臆测性和科学性。作者认为精神分析学说的科学性和弗洛伊德积累材料、解释材料的方式有关,深入分析弗洛伊德积累材料、解释材料的方式有助于科学地评价精神分析学说。因此,本文试图论述弗洛伊德解释癔病、梦与日常生活失误行为、文学艺术的三种不同方式,从而对精神分析学说这三个领域的内容的科学性做出评价。     

大连市老龄产业的发展对策

在分析大连市老龄产业特色的基础上,论述大连市老龄产业存在的难点和问题,提出加强政府引导及政策扶持、完善法律法规体系、鼓励与发展多元投资主体、推动老年产品创新、培养老年服务和管理人才、完善社区老龄服务产业等对策。     

Making a home, finding a job: investigating early housing and employment outcomes for young people leaving care

This paper presents findings from a new study of outcomes for young people leaving care funded by the Department for Education and Skills. It reports findings for a sample of 106 young people in relation to progress made in housing and employment some 12–15 months after leaving care. The generally poor employment outcomes of care leavers are acknowledged, but ingredients that make for success are also highlighted, including the value of settled care and post‐care careers, sound career planning and, significantly, the value of delaying young people’s transitions from care. Early career paths also interconnect with how young people fare in housing, in developing life skills and with other problems in their lives after leaving care. Housing outcomes were more encouraging and predominantly shaped by events after leaving care, and faring well in housing was the factor most closely associated with positive mental well‐being in young people. Some groups that are at risk of faring badly are identified, including young people with mental‐health problems, young people with persistent offending or substance misuse problems and, in some respects, young disabled people. The implications of these findings for leaving care services are considered.     

概念操作化在国民经济动员潜力中的应用研究

概述了研究国民经济动员潜力时的理论困境,根据社会学研究方法给经济动员领域研究带来的启发,首次提出了将社会学研究方法中的概念操作化理论运用到对国民经济动员潜力理论研究中的思想,分析了其可行性,并提出了研究的具体步骤和方法、推广应用及其局限性。     

Relating outcomes to objectives in child protection

With the introduction of the Children (Northern Ireland) Order 1995, Health and Social Care Trusts in Northern Ireland have been engaged in a refocusing of children's services, shifting resources and interventions towards supporting families at an earlier stage in order to reduce the likelihood of crisis, breakdown or abuse at a later stage. Alongside this development the Government wishes to see a clearer link between the objectives of the child protection system and the outcomes for children and their families. This paper critiques the current system of performance management in the child protection system. Using data from a study exploring the characteristics and careers of children in the children protection system in Northern Ireland it is argued that the current measurements of performance are too basic and are designed principally to monitor the operation of the system rather than the impact of services and interventions on the lives of children and their families.     

借鉴多元智能理论开发职校生学习潜能

多元智能理论对于开发职校学生学习潜能的重要意义在于,针对职校学生的个别差异和遵循职业教育的规律,力求突破传统偏见(失败者的教育),张扬职校学生的优势和潜能,改变学生观和评价观,创建多元智能学校。激励每一个职校生,力求在职业教育教学和培训过程中彰显学生个性,使拥有不同天资和智能优势的学生都能够得到最适合自身特质的发展,从而实现人的全面发展。     

Marital Conflict and Children’s Adjustment: Evaluation of the Parenting Process Model

This investigation tested whether parenting mediates longitudinal associations between marital conflict and children’s adjustment. Data were drawn from a three‐wave study of 283 families with children aged 8 – 16 years at Wave 1. Relations among marital conflict, parenting (behavioral control, psychological autonomy, and warmth), and children’s adjustment (externalizing and internalizing) were examined. Structural equation models indicated multiple dimensions of parenting mediated relations between marital conflict and children’s adjustment. When including controls for earlier adjustment, behavioral control continued to mediate relations between marital conflict and change in children’s internalizing symptoms over time. These results advance parenting process models for relations between marital conflict and child adjustment and provide impetus for study of other pathways, including direct and child effects.     

Prevention in integrated children's services: the impact of sure start on referrals to social services and child protection registrations

Every Child Matters, the English government's plans for integrated children's services, proposed that preventative approaches such as those developed through Sure Start should be able to reduce the numbers of children requiring more intensive support from children's social services and, by implication, the numbers of children on the child protection register. This study examined the impact of Sure Start local programmes (SSLPs) on four local authorities with social services responsibilities in the northeast of England. The researchers analysed routinely collected statistical data concerning over 10,000 referrals of children under four years and over 1,600 child protection registrations (CPRs) in an eight‐year period before and after the introduction of 19 SSLPs. They also analysed interviews with 36 key informants in eight case study SSLP areas. Contrary to expectations, the quantitative data revealed no discernable short‐term effect on the numbers of referrals, or on CPRs. Interview data showed broad agreement on the potential impact of preventative work undertaken by SSLPs and many respondents believed that it was too early to draw conclusions. Alternatively, the universal approach to prevention within the Sure Start areas and the attempts to provide non‐stigmatising and non‐intrusive community‐based services may be ineffective in reducing the need for intensive support for ‘at risk’ families. The findings are discussed in relation to ‘targeted’ prevention programmes and government policy intentions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

少数民族多语人才资源开发与三种语言教育体系构建

全球经济一体化和多元文化并存的时代特征比以往任何时期都彰显着多语能力的优势。这为少数民族双语双文化建构特征的优势发展搭建了新的平台。可见,多语能力是新时期少数民族人才资源的优势所在,少数民族需要重新认识自身语言文化建构的本质属性。研究表明,少数民族语言、汉语、外语三种语言之间存在着语言和语言认知层面上的内在联系。因此,构建适合少数民族思维特征的三种语言教育体系,可以为少数民族多语人才资源开发探索出行之有效的途径。     

关于静电能的讨论

本文要阐述各种不同名称的静电能概念的基础上，讨论了它们之间的联系和区别。