基于非参数回归的遗漏变量检验

基于非参数回归提出了同时适用于横截面和时间序列数据的遗漏变量检验统计量.与现有文献相比,该统计量不仅避免了模型设定偏误问题,而且具有更高的局部检验功效,能够识别出速度更快的收敛到原假设的局部备择假设.该文选择单一带宽估计条件联合期望和条件边际期望,允许二者的非参数估计误差共同决定统计量的渐近分布,不仅改善了统计量的有限样本性质,而且避免了选择多个带宽和计算多个偏差项产生的繁杂工作.蒙特卡洛模拟结果表明该统计量具有良好的有限样本性质以及比Ait-Sahalia等更高的检验功效.实证分析采用该统计量捕获了F统计量无法识别的产出缺口与通胀之间关系,验证了非线性“产出一通胀”型菲利普斯曲线在中国的适用性.     

地方精英与族群认同——一个村庄族群记忆的研究

本文通过对一个地方族群的案例分析,试图从地方精荚的话语表述和行为分析来探讨地方精英是如何影响地方族群记忆和地方族群认同的,并进一步强调族群的一些符号特征对于维持和凝聚族群的重要意义.     

权力观念的历史变迁

人类文明由传统社会发展到现代社会的过程中,人们对政治权力的认知与态度实现了以下四种转化;（1）从统治型权力观到服务型权力观;（2）从单向性权力观到双向性权力观;（3）从全能权力观到有限权力观;（4）从强制性权力观到说服性权力观。     

西方近代政治思想对陕西的影响

鸦片战争以后,西方近代政治思想逐渐传入中国,并对地处中国西北内陆、有深厚传统文化底蕴的陕西产生了巨大的冲击。随着西方近代政治学说在陕西传播的深入,西方近代政治思想对陕西近代社会历史发展的影响也愈以明显。     

Testing for No Effect by Cosine Series Methods

The properties of three lack-of-fit tests that are related to non-parametric cosine regression analysis are examined in the context of testing for a constant mean function. Analytic power comparisons of these tests vs a most powerful test are made using intermediate asymptotic relative efficiency. In particular, a data-driven test is produced which is asymptotically as efficient as the most powerful test over a class of alternatives. A small scale simulation experiment is conducted to ascertain the extent that the large sample comparisons are applicable to finite samples.     

Bootstrap tests: how many bootstraps?

In practice, bootstrap tests must use a finite number of bootstrap samples. This means that the outcome of the test will depend on the sequence of random numbers used to generate the bootstrap samples, and it necessarily results in some loss of power. We examine the extent of this power loss and propose a simple pretest procedure for choosing the number of bootstrap samples so as to minimize experimental randomness. Simulation experiments suggest that this procedure will work very well in practice.     

三阶循环级数

循环级数是组合论中的重要内容之一,是计数和作算法分析的基础,它几乎对一切数学分支都有着重要作用。在生产和实践中也有着广泛的应用。给出了三阶循环级数及推广的通项的一般求法,为研究一般递归关系提供了理论上的解决方法。     

司法与行政:中国司法行政化及其检讨

司法行政化是中国司法改革的重大阻碍和重要对象 ,它也是研究司法改革“中端”层面的很好切入。本文从中国司法行政化的宏观观察、症结分析和克服对策三个方面全面阐述了一条新的司法改革路径     

Transformation using ( x + 0.5) to stabilize the variance of populations

Transformation is required to achieve homo-scedasticity when we perform ANOVA to test the effect of factors on population abundance. The effectiveness of transformations decreases when the data contain zeros. Especially, the logarithmic transformation or the Box–Cox transformation is not applicable in such a case. For the logarithmic transformation, 1 is traditionally added to avoid such problems. However, there is no concrete foundation as to why 1 is added rather than other constants, such as 0.5 or 2, although the result of ANOVA is much influenced by the added constant. In this paper, I suggest that 0.5 is preferable to 1 as an added constant, because a discrete distribution defined in {0, 1, 2, . . .} is approximately described by a corresponding continuous distribution defined in (0, ≧) if we add 0.5. Numerical investigation confirms this prediction. Received: October 16, 1998 / Accepted: June 10, 1999     

希腊神话的人文精神

希腊神话是美妙的,它的美是纯粹的、乐观的,没有一点儿人生的凄苦、时世的险恶或惩恶扬善、拯救人类的说教,显示出浪漫的古希腊人“审美重于道德”的价值取向;希腊神话是原欲人性的礼赞,它歌颂性爱、赞美肉体,体现了古希腊人“人性、人权高于一切”的哲学观念和“真即美”的审美标准;希腊神话是乐观主义的源泉,体现出他们为人处世的快乐原则,也表明着古希腊“没有罪恶感”的社会初始阶段特征;希腊神话是力量的颂歌,体现出一种强烈的抗争意识、尚武精神和个人荣誉感,从而演化出西方后世强烈的个体意识……神话的形式会消亡,但它的精神会转化为文化形态而得以存在,得以流传。