Polymorphous Prejudice: Liberating the Measurement of Heterosexuals' Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men

A multidimensional measure of sexual prejudice was developed to assess the increasing complexity of heterosexuals' attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a valid and reliable 7-factor measure that assessed: 1) traditional heterosexism; 2) tendency to deny anti-gay discrimination continues; 3) aversion toward gay men; 4) aversion to lesbians; 5) judgments regarding the value of the gay and lesbian movement; 6) resistance to heteronormative expectations; and 7) endorsement of positive beliefs about gay people. A modern heterosexism theory was supported and queer/liberationist notions of anti-heteronormativity and positive beliefs were found to be related to pro-homosexual attitudes.     

Heterogeneous credit union production technologies with endogenous switching and correlated effects

Credit unions differ in the types of financial services they offer to their members. This article explicitly models this observed heterogeneity using a generalized model of endogenous ordered switching. Our approach captures the endogenous choice that credit unions make when adding new products to their financial services mix. The model that we consider also allows for the dependence between unobserved effects and regressors in both the selection and outcome equations and can accommodate the presence of predetermined covariates in the model. We use this model to estimate returns to scale for U.S. retail credit unions from 1996 to 2011. We document strong evidence of persistent technological heterogeneity among credit unions offering different financial service mixes, which, if ignored, can produce quite misleading results. Employing our model, we find that credit unions of all types exhibit substantial economies of scale.     

Likelihood-based inference for censored linear regression models with scale mixtures of skew-normal distributions

In many studies, the data collected are subject to some upper and lower detection limits. Hence, the responses are either left or right censored. A complication arises when these continuous measures present heavy tails and asymmetrical behavior; simultaneously. For such data structures, we propose a robust-censored linear model based on the scale mixtures of skew-normal (SMSN) distributions. The SMSN is an attractive class of asymmetrical heavy-tailed densities that includes the skew-normal, skew-t, skew-slash, skew-contaminated normal and the entire family of scale mixtures of normal (SMN) distributions as special cases. We propose a fast estimation procedure to obtain the maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the parameters, using a stochastic approximation of the EM (SAEM) algorithm. This approach allows us to estimate the parameters of interest easily and quickly, obtaining as a byproducts the standard errors, predictions of unobservable values of the response and the log-likelihood function. The proposed methods are illustrated through real data applications and several simulation studies.     

中国企业对外直接投资思考

依据党的十六大报告中关于对外开放的新要求及2003中国500强企业与美国<财富>杂志世界500强企业的比较,论述了对外直接投资是可行的,并且找到了理论依据和存在的现实优势,对其进行了阐述.     

“单元政治冶:国家与社会有效治理的空间形态与规模研究

当前,大量学者认为较小的“基本单元冶有利于村民自治的实现。 而基本单元的形成是国家权力和社会认同共同作用的结果,其有效性取决于治理主体是否独立、治理规则是否具有公共性、治理秩序是否能够有效供给三个维度。 在现代民族国家建构过程中,我国并未经历西方血缘单元解体的过程,基本单元的确立既受到传统血缘关系的影响,也受国家建构的影响,因此存在“较小规模冶与“较大规模冶之争。 以“行政村冶为基本单元开展村民自治尽管存在规模过大,内生性不足等问题,但是其所依赖的治理主体、治理规则更加符合现代治理的需要。 当前在以自然村或村民小组这一较小基本单元挖掘传统治理要素过程中仍然应注意其可能面临的治理主体独立性缺乏,治理规则公共性不足等限度。     

For kick and country: the 2010 VIVA World Cup and sport as a site for expressions of alternate ‘national’ identities

The VIVA World Cup is an alternative football tournament for groups unrepresented in international sport, including groups that identify along political, geographic, ethnic, and linguistic lines. This study of the 2010 edition, held in Gozo, Malta, examines the organizers' insistence that their event is political and the ways in which the ‘national’ interests of participating groups challenged this position. While the VIVA World Cup could offer participants a site for resistance, the footballers in Gozo asserted cultural distinctiveness and celebrated affective attachments not to protest the exclusivity of world sport, but so that they could join in too.     

兰州百合的组织培养和快速繁殖

以兰州百合鳞片作外植体进行组织培养及快速繁殖的研究。结果表明:在①MS 6-BA1.0mg/L②MS 6-BA0.5mg/L NAA0.5mg/L③MS NAA0.5mg/L的培养基上均可诱导产生不定芽,其中②号培养基效果最佳。鳞片外植体靠近鳞茎盘部位诱导出的芽数量较多,质量较好。在MS 6-BA1.0mg/L培养基中蔗糖浓度为50g/L时诱导产生不定芽效果较好。     

WILCOXON-TYPE RANK-SUM PRECEDENCE TESTS

This paper introduces Wilcoxon‐type rank‐sum precedence tests for testing the hypothesis that two life‐time distribution functions are equal. They extend the precedence life‐test first proposed by Nelson in 1963. The paper proposes three Wilcoxon‐type rank‐sum precedence test statistics—the minimal, maximal and expected rank‐sum statistics—and derives their null distributions. Critical values are presented for some combinations of sample sizes, and the exact power function is derived under the Lehmann alternative. The paper examines the power properties of the Wilcoxon‐type rank‐sum precedence tests under a location‐shift alternative through Monte Carlo simulations, and it compares the power of the precedence test, the maximal precedence test and Wilcoxon rank‐sum test (based on complete samples). Two examples are presented for illustration.     

统计数据质量与用户满意度：测评量表设计与实证研究

 针对政府统计数据质量评估问题,综合若干国家统计部门与国际组织对统计质量的定义,确立政府统计数据质量维度体系;进而参照国际货币基金组织的“数据质量评估框架”设计具体的用户满意度测评量表。基于该量表的问卷调查结果显示,量表具有良好的测量信度与效度。研究中提出的八项质量维度可以充分反映政府统计数据质量的不同侧面,可以有效解构用户满意度的特征;用户对各质量维度的重要性认知、用户专业技术职务、对统计数据的依赖程度以及搜集渠道的选择等,与其满意度之间亦表现出明显的关联模式。