基本公共服务均等化的正义性探析——基于罗尔斯正义第二原则的视角

基本公共服务均等化是党和国家在发展的新阶段所做出的一个制度安排，其正义与否关系到制度实施的绩效。作为一种“社会基本善”，基本公共服务与罗尔斯的正义第二原则存在着内在的契合。基本公共服务体现了对社会最不利者的关照，在链式联系中，这种稍度安排又促进了社会其他成员福利的增加。落实这种符合正义性的制度，政府理应承担其职责，通过各种制度安排，保证基本公共服务均等化的实现。     

中等专业教育的困境及其出路

千年之交 ,是我国社会结构发生根本性转型的关键时期 ,教育体制的适应性变革进入了攻坚阶段。在这个过程中 ,我国的中等专业教育体制也受到社会人才需求的高层次和实用性两种趋向的严峻挑战 ,面临着生存危机。惟有在市场规律的指导下 ,以内部调整和外向分流为基本路径对自身进行改制 ,中等专业教育才能逐步走出困境 ,真正发挥其应有的功能     

On quadratic prediction problems in finite populations

For a finite population and its linear model, Liu and Rong proposed a notion of optimal invariant quadratic unbiased prediction (OIQUP) and offered two methods for studying this notion, in which the first is incomplete. In this note, we mainly aim at fulfilling the first approach used by Liu and Rong by considering a transformed matrix equation set through permutation matrix techniques. Solvability of the matrix equation set, optimality of the resulting predictor, and equivalence of the representations of OIQUP, derived in this note and by Liu and Rong, are investigated in detail. In addition, an application to predicting population variance is conducted based on a simulated population.     

Testing for equivalence of variances using Hartley's ratio

Hartley's test for homogeneity of k normal‐distribution variances is based on the ratio between the maximum sample variance and the minimum sample variance. In this paper, the author uses the same statistic to test for equivalence of k variances. Equivalence is defined in terms of the ratio between the maximum and minimum population variances, and one concludes equivalence when Hartley's ratio is small. Exact critical values for this test are obtained by using an integral expression for the power function and some theoretical results about the power function. These exact critical values are available both when sample sizes are equal and when sample sizes are unequal. One related result in the paper is that Hartley's test for homogeneity of variances is no longer unbiased when the sample sizes are unequal. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 38: 647–664; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada