Modified Shewhart Charts for High Yield Processes

The conventional Shewhart p or np chart is not effective for monitoring a high yield process, a process in which the defect level is close to zero. An improved Shewhart np chart for monitoring high yield processes is proposed. A review of control charts for monitoring high yield processes is first given. The run length performance of the proposed Shewhart chart is then compared with other high yield control charts. A simple procedure for designing the chart for processes subjected to sampling or 100% continuous inspection is provided and this allows the chart to be implemented easily on the factory floor. The practical aspects of implementation of the Shewhart chart are discussed. An application of the Shewhart chart based on a real data set is demonstrated.     

WTO农产品贸易规则对新疆棉花产业的影响及对策研究

从近期看，WTO农产品规则和我国相关入世承诺对新疆棉花产业产生了一定的不利影响，但长远而言，其带来的机遇更大。特别是在WTO农产品规则的国内支持措施领域，新疆棉花产业政策中还有很多潜力可以挖掘。文章建议在保护价收购、良种补贴等六个方面加强制度创新和财政投入，以更好的促进新疆棉花产业的可持续发展。     

一种快速全局运动估计算法

为了对全局运动进行准确快速的估计,在对全局运动估计算法进行研究的基础上,提出了一种快速全局运动估计算法。该算法基于非线性密度估计,采用了六参数的仿射模型。为了提高计算速度,采用了3层金字塔进行多分辨率计算,而且在每层迭代计算中,将基于块的外点去除算法与特征点提取算法相结合,这样既加快了算法的速度,又提高了计算结果的准确性。全局运动估计的实验结果表明,该算法在速度和准确性上具有一定的优势。     

Exact Bayesian Inference and Model Selection for Stochastic Models of Epidemics Among a Community of Households

Abstract.  Much recent methodological progress in the analysis of infectious disease data has been due to Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methodology. In this paper, it is illustrated that rejection sampling can also be applied to a family of inference problems in the context of epidemic models, avoiding the issues of convergence associated with MCMC methods. Specifically, we consider models for epidemic data arising from a population divided into households. The models allow individuals to be potentially infected both from outside and from within the household. We develop methodology for selection between competing models via the computation of Bayes factors. We also demonstrate how an initial sample can be used to adjust the algorithm and improve efficiency. The data are assumed to consist of the final numbers ultimately infected within a sample of households in some community. The methods are applied to data taken from outbreaks of influenza.     

A combination multiple comparisons and subset selection procedure to identify treatments that are strictly inferior to the best

This paper considers the problem of identifying which treatments are strictly worse than the best treatment or treatments in a one-way layout, which has many important applications in screening trials for new product development. A procedure is proposed that selects a subset of the treatments containing only treatments that are known to be strictly worse than the best treatment or treatments. In addition, simultaneous confidence intervals are obtained which provide upper bounds on how inferior the treatments are compared with these best treatments. In this way, the new procedure shares the characteristics of both subset selection procedures and multiple comparison procedures. Some tables of critical points are provided for implementing the new procedure, and some examples of its use are given.     

企业与客户关系维度模型及契约关系分析

通过考察企业与客户关系发展演化中出现的新特点,借鉴人际关系维度理论,建立了企业与客户关系维度模型,并对企业与客户关系的不同维度进行了界定。在总结和分析企业与客户契约关系不同形式的基础上,指出由于信息不对称和契约的不完备性,逆向选择与道德风险问题成为企业与客户契约关系的本质特征。     

收入分配问题的中国特点及其原因辨析

我国的收入分配问题具有整体、城乡、地区、行业收入差距过大和扩大速度快等特点。以市场经济客观规律和发展阶段性不能解释我国收入分配问题的基本特点,而以再分配调节不足、腐败与垄断解释收入差距过大也流于表面。贫困源于制度,收入分配问题本质是产权问题。建国后形成并影响至今的社会等级经济制度和生产要素产权制度,在计划经济时期就形成了我国收入差距的基本特点;资源配置方式的市场化和倾斜政策、改革措施不配套及与市场经济相应的民主监督制度建设滞后,扩大了收入差距,加剧了收入分配不公。     

Computational Examples of a New Method for Distribution Selection in the Pearson System

A considerable problem in statistics and risk management is finding distributions that capture the complex behaviour exhibited by financial data. The importance of higher order moments in decision making has been well recognized and there is increasing interest in modelling with distributions that are able to account for these effects. The Pearson system can be used to model a wide scale of distributions with various skewness and kurtosis. This paper provides computational examples of a new easily implemented method for selecting probability density functions from the Pearson family of distributions. We apply this method to daily, monthly, and annual series using a range of data from commodity markets to macroeconomic variables.     

个人职业理想与社会发展需要的有机统一——试论邹韬奋的择业观

邹韬奋的择业观,始终贯穿着把个人职业理想与社会发展需要有机统一起来的思想,而且内容极为丰富和全面,主要包涵择业的方法、择业的职业心理学知识的运用及职业指导和职业介绍工作的重要性。这既是理性的思考,又是实践经验的总结和升华,具有鲜明的历史和现实意义。     

英汉语用规则差异的社会文化分析

英汉跨文化语用研究的焦点问题涉及表层的语言形式的选择，以及深层的社会文化价值取向。英汉社会文化价值的差异主导人们选择不同的语言规则，这些规则制约着语言形式，以至于在对待冲突或矛盾、提出请求、表示拒绝和异议的具体言语行为和事件中，这些语用规则既有对应，更有差异。深化对英汉语用规则差再的认识，有助于我们克服跨文化交际失误。