肇庆市居住区绿化树种及其分析

通过对肇庆市居住区的实地调研与树种鉴定，记录了134种绿化树种，其中乔木75种。灌木53种，木质藤本6种。主要隶属于桑科、棕榈科、苏木科、大戟科、夹竹桃科、挑金娘科。经过分析，有针对性地对肇庆市居住区提出了绿化建议，建议多采用耐荫植物与景观植物，合理进行树种配置，可采用复式立体栽植及景观陪衬等绿化方式。     

Improvement of Highway Safety I: Identification of Causal Factors Through Fault-Tree Modeling1

As the first article of a two-part series, the purpose of this paper is to examine the functional factors that contribute to automobile accident occurrence and to model the causation structure in the form of a fault-tree. The fault-tree model provides an intuitive framework for qualitatively decomposing possible pathways to accident occurrence. Fault-tree analysis also provides a statistical representation of how interacting driver, vehicle, and environmental factors contribute to the likelihood of automobile accident occurrence. The application of this model facilitates pinpointing those factors that most contribute to accident causation and subsequently enables the identification and comparison of potential crash avoidance technologies.     

Summarizing the Effect of a Wide Array of Amenity Measures into Simple Components

A significant issue existing within the rural economic development literature revolves around the difficulty with sorting out the controversy of the effects of amenity activities on rural economic growth. This problem is due to the different ways amenity attributes are linked to regional economic performance. Numerous researchers utilize principal component analysis to compress groups of variables that describe attributes of natural-based amenity and quality of life into scalar measures. While principal components are good at reducing a collection of variables into single measures, they often lack interpretability because they define some abstract scores which are often not meaningful or not well interpretable in practice. We apply the simple component analysis suggested by Rousson and Gasser (2004, Applied Statistics 53, 539–555) to summarize the information in groups of variables into a limited number of simple components and improve interpretability at a modest loss of optimality. Simple components allow us to identify and interpret the effect of attributes that most influence regional economic performance so as to gain better insight into policies to preserve and advance those attributes. The same methodology is appropriate for any social science discipline when there is a need to replace a larger number of multiple indicator measurements with a smaller set.     

科学理论模式初探

本文提出了科学理论模式具有多样性,开放性和主客观的统一性,并分析了科学理论的三层次结构和特点:客观性、自洽性、简单性、动态性和预测力,最后给出了科学理论模式的数学表述,并从中得到建立科学理论的几种途径.     

Kurtosis and spread

An increase in kurtosis is achieved through the location- and scale-free movement of probability mass from the “shoulders” of a distribution into its centre and tails. We introduce a coherent structure of ordering and measures, requiring no symmetry assumption, that represent different formalizations of this movement. For this purpose spread functions and spread-spread plots are defined. The orderings impose growth patterns on the spread-spread plot of the distributions involved, and the weakest involve both a specific scale-matching technique and placement of “shoulders”. The role of existing kurtosis orderings and measures in this general context is identified and examples discussed throughout.     

基于分布式序关系的双边匹配决策方法

针对具有不完全偏好序值信息的项目-员工匹配决策问题,给出了一种考虑同组员工间具有同事偏好关系的匹配决策方法。首先对匹配双方给出的不完全偏好序信息规范化处理,转化为等级置信度形式。其次,以规范化的等级置信度匹配信息为证据,融合获得项目与员工、员工与员工的融合总信度,并进一步转化为匹配满意度,以项目–员工、员工–其他员工的匹配满意度最大化为目标构建并求解考虑同事偏好的匹配决策模型。最后通过一个算例说明了所提方法的可行性和有效性。     

单顶边星图的优美性

在齿轮图的每个齿的齿顶分别加上一条悬挂边后构成的图称为单顶边星图，本文证明了单顶边星图是优美图，补充了文（２）的结果，从而彻底解决了文（１）的猜想。     

基因工程技术及其在林木培育中的应用

概述了基因工程在国内外林木培育中的应用现状及发展趋势 ,综述了我国十多年来林木在抗虫、抗病、抗逆境、品质改良、育性等基因工程的研究与应用研究取得的一些进展及今后的发展方向。     

Concepts and measures for skewness with data-analytic implications

The decomposition of the distribution function into skewness and spread functions serves as a basis for conceptualizing the skewness of a random variable. Measures of skewness are also described in terms of the skewness and spread functions, thereby unifying the measures with the concepts. Results that relate these measures to whether one random variable is more skewed than another are reviewed and extended. Graphical displays are presented for uncovering the nature of the skewness of a variable. The measures are also linked to the issue of symmetrizing a variable.