The Window of Ritual: Seeing the Intentions and Emotions of ‘Doing’ Gender

My goal in this paper is to revisit interaction ritual theory as a theoretical underpinning of West and Zimmerman’s ‘doing’ gender paradigm in order to develop a more nuanced understanding of what is taking place inside the interactions of men and women as they ‘do’ gender. Recent work in ritual theory, specifically the work of Bell (Ritual theory, ritual practice, 1992) and Collins (Interaction ritual chains, 2004) expands the role of the individual in the ritual process by conceptualizing ritual as a form of ‘practice’ that can be mobilized in the pursuit of emotional energy. Through the narratives of 24 married couples, I explore how domestic labor functions as an interaction ritual that is driven by ‘emotional energy’. This emotional energy shapes the localized intentions of men and women as they ‘do’ gender thus transforming gender into something that we ‘use’ as well as ‘do’. These emotions and intentions can be seen most clearly through a new ‘window’ of ritual.

Demographers’ Involvement in Twentieth-Century Population Policy: Continuity or Discontinuity?

The second half of the twentieth century witnessed the development of a crusading spirit and massive technical aid aimed at reducing fertility levels and rates of population growth in developing countries, and also the involvement of demographers in these events. The demographers at Princeton University’s Office of Population Research, Frank Notestein and his colleagues, have been singled out by recent authors as playing a unique role in bringing about these changes, and they have been criticized for encouraging demographers to become involved, so eroding their scientific objectivity. This paper examines the development of relevant population thought and theory in the English-language literature over the first half of the twentieth century. It concludes that in the circumstances of the second half of the twentieth century, it was inevitable that developed countries and their demographers would become involved in controlling fertility levels in developing countries. The OPR story should be seen largely in terms of how the world’s leading demographic center and its demographic transition theory were swept along by global changes. As those developments started, attitudes to population change in densely settled Asia became Malthusian, even as population growth accompanied by mortality decline in Asia demonstrated that, at least in the short term, the positive checks were disappearing.     

The Guijin Therapist and the Nature of Therapeutic Truth: A Relational Perspective

The professional literature is replete with examples of the benefits of the client–clinician dyad being of the same ethnic group. Noted advantages include a perceived implicit understanding of the clients subjective experience and a furthering of the therapists personal and professional growth as a result of the therapeutic interaction. This paper suggests that there are also benefits to the clinician being considered a guijin or outsider to the clients culture of origin. Utilizing a relational perspective with an emphasis on multiple self-state theory, this paper will discuss the advantages of being perceived as an outsider when working with an Asian bicultural client.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Annual International Conference for the Advancement of Private Practice in Clinical Social Work in Lisbon, Portugal on June 8, 2002.     

唯识宗、禅宗对"境界"理论的构建作用

"境界"是中国文艺批评中的重要理论范畴.不同佛教宗派的境界理论对中国文艺批评境界理论的形成有着多重的构建性作用.特别是法相唯识宗的境界观构建了中国文艺批评境界理论的结构性心理空间.中国禅宗则使这一空间转换为审美境界,从而完成了对中国文艺境界理论的基础性建构.     

An Empirical Investigation of the Assumptions of Risk-Value Models

Do participants make decisions consistent with risk-value tradeoffs? One hundred and five undergraduate business students made risk and preference judgments about lottery pairs in a series of paper surveys. The data indicate that the participants’ responses were generally consistent with the key assumptions of risk-value models, but that some extensions of the theory would improve this consistency. In particular, we find that modifying the risk assumptions of the risk-value theory so they are consistent the concept of the reflection of the risk attitude in the domains of gains and losses increases the agreement between the theory and the participants’ responses.     

What is Loss Aversion?

A behavioral definition of loss aversion is proposed and its implications for original and cumulative prospect theory are analyzed. Original prospect theory is in agreement with the new loss aversion condition, and there utility is capturing all effects of loss aversion. In cumulative prospect theory loss aversion is captured by both the weighting functions and the utility function. Further, some restrictions apply for the weighting functions involved in the latter model.We are indebted to Michèle Cohen and Peter Wakker for helpful comments. The suggestions of an anonymous referee have improved the presentation of the paper.     

DELAY ESTIMATION BY A HILBERT TRANSFORM METHOD

This paper describes an estimation of the time delay between two stationary time series signals, in which an input signal is measured with little noise and an output signal is the sum of a noise and the response from a linear system. We use the Hilbert transform relation for minimum delay systems to estimate the time delay. Some computer simulation results are given to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.     

个体所有权占优与分配理论的倾向性分析

个体所有权首先是个体对其生物存在性的自然所有,其次才是对维护这种生物存在性的物的所有.对于一个联合体来说,后者就需要一个制度上的安排,而这种安排也就是对物的分配形式与结果的认同.由于强势个体所有权与国家权力的共谋,在体现互利的公共权力还没有完全回归之前,经济基础对上层建筑的影响就主要表现在依靠国家权力对分配比例的干预上.这也是实践和理论对所有权合法性怀疑以及存在不同分配理论的主要原因.当国家权力完全脱离了个体所有权的掌握,无论是激进主义还是渐进主义,分配理论都应该是一个政治经济学研究的最核心问题.     

精益建筑重要工具——最后计划者技术研究

文章首先介绍了“精益建筑”的概念，然后由建筑生产基本理论缺失、工具方法不能适应日益复杂的项目环境，引出精益建筑的重要工具——最后计划者LP（Last Planner）技术，并将传统计划系统与LP系统进行了比较，说明了LP系统的优势。最后对LP方法在国内的使用提出了建议。     

社会主义民族优惠政策的理论依据及其现实意义

民族优惠政策是马克思主义处理民族关系、解决民族问题的一个创举,作为解决民族问题的一项基本原则,它植根于马克思的实践唯物主义哲学,是其批判精神的体现,蕴涵着马克思对人类命运的关心和对社会共同体理想的追求,对于维护多民族国家的稳定和社会经济的繁荣有着重大的现实意义。