大学排序行为模式不规范性及其负面影响

当代大学选优排序已成为社会参与高等教育管理、促进大学竞争与发展的重要途径。但是 ,目前社会流行的不规范的选优排序活动已经在高校和社会产生了误导和不良影响。对此进行了分析 ,并提出整顿与规范大学选优排序的几点意见。     

关于新形势下推进素质教育的几点认识

随着知识经济和信息时代的到来 ,全面推进素质教育 ,努力培养高素质创新人才在我国显得尤为迫切。素质教育的实施涉及到深刻的教育改革 ,广大教育工作者应改变教育观念 ,走出传统教育的误区 ,建立“以学生为主体 ,以创造性教育为本位”的新型教学模式 ,尽快适应新形势下素质教育的要求     

Bayesian modelling of catch in a north-west Atlantic fishery

Summary. We model daily catches of fishing boats in the Grand Bank fishing grounds. We use data on catches per species for a number of vessels collected by the European Union in the context of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization. Many variables can be thought to influence the amount caught: a number of ship characteristics (such as the size of the ship, the fishing technique used and the mesh size of the nets) are obvious candidates, but one can also consider the season or the actual location of the catch. Our database leads to 28 possible regressors (arising from six continuous variables and four categorical variables, whose 22 levels are treated separately), resulting in a set of 177 million possible linear regression models for the log-catch. Zero observations are modelled separately through a probit model. Inference is based on Bayesian model averaging, using a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach. Particular attention is paid to the prediction of catches for single and aggregated ships.     

高等学校教师队伍管理新模式建构问题探析

我国高等学校教师队伍管理模式正经历着从行政指令型向开放服务　　高等学校教师队伍管理新模式建构问题探析协调型过渡的阶段。新的管理模式的建构 ,是高等教育改革和发展的客观要求和必然趋势 ,其目标系统、制度基础和制度创新等问题很值得我们从多方面进行审视和研究     

化学教学的“设疑—研讨”模式

提出了“设疑—研讨”教学模式 ,并运用于中学化学教学中 ,通过设疑、讨论、总结和评价四步教学法 ,培养了学生思维能力和创新能力     

一个汉英机器翻译系统中的语义处理模型

简略阐述了三种语义分析理论 -配价语法 ,格语法 ,论旨理论后 ,重点介绍了机器翻译系统所采用的语义模型     

增长曲线模型非齐次线性估计的可容许性

讨论增长曲线模型Y =X1BX2 +ε中回归矩阵B的函数C1BC2 的估计L1YL2 +A ,在矩阵损失 (LT2 L1)Y +A - (ST2 XT2 S1X1)B (LT2 L1)Y +A - (ST2 XT2 S1X1)B T 下 ,我们得到了非齐次线性估计L1YL2 +A在非齐次线性估计类Г ={L1YL2 +A|L1:t×p ,L2 ;n×n ,A :t×s均为已知实阵 }中可容许的充要条件 :L1YL2在Г0 ={L1YL2 |L1:t×p ,L2 :n×s均为已知实阵 }中容许且当LT2 XT2 L1X1=ST2 XT2 S1X1时有A =0。     

Empirical likelihood confidence intervals for the mean of a population containing many zero values

If a population contains many zero values and the sample size is not very large, the traditional normal approximation‐based confidence intervals for the population mean may have poor coverage probabilities. This problem is substantially reduced by constructing parametric likelihood ratio intervals when an appropriate mixture model can be found. In the context of survey sampling, however, there is a general preference for making minimal assumptions about the population under study. The authors have therefore investigated the coverage properties of nonparametric empirical likelihood confidence intervals for the population mean. They show that under a variety of hypothetical populations, these intervals often outperformed parametric likelihood intervals by having more balanced coverage rates and larger lower bounds. The authors illustrate their methodology using data from the Canadian Labour Force Survey for the year 2000.     

Bayesian analysis of mixture modelling using the multivariate t distribution

A finite mixture model using the multivariate t distribution has been shown as a robust extension of normal mixtures. In this paper, we present a Bayesian approach for inference about parameters of t-mixture models. The specifications of prior distributions are weakly informative to avoid causing nonintegrable posterior distributions. We present two efficient EM-type algorithms for computing the joint posterior mode with the observed data and an incomplete future vector as the sample. Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling schemes are also developed to obtain the target posterior distribution of parameters. The advantages of Bayesian approach over the maximum likelihood method are demonstrated via a set of real data.     

Olive Oil Consumption in Greece: A Microeconometric Analysis

In this paper, the factors affecting at-home demand for three types of oils and fats in Greece, with emphasis on olive oil, are investigated using the linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System and family budget survey data. To overcome the econometric problem created with the existence of zero expenditure, a generalization of the two-stage Heckman procedure is employed. In order to investigate the role of self-consumption, two different samples were used. The first includes all households; the second excludes those that acquire olive oil only from own production. According to the results, there are important differences in the first stage of the decision process between the two samples. Unlike the first stage, the second stage of the decision process found no important differences between the results for the two samples.