近二十年中国化工翻译研究——以知网收录重点期刊文献为例

选取中国近二十年的化工翻译期刊文献为研究样本,以Excel为统计工具统计了中国化工翻译研究文献的数量,归纳整理了化工翻译的研究角度;然后以知网收录核心期刊文献为分析样本,从理论指导、运用、翻译策略、技巧和方法等角度对其进行对比与分析,归纳总结出当前化工翻译所存在的不足。     

农业全要素生产率影响因素的社会嵌入性研究

农业发展的根本出路在于提升全要素生产率,并扩大其对农业增长的贡献.采用Malquist指数法测算了1998-2015年各省的农业全要素生产率,通过多层线性模型实证分析了其在社会嵌入性视角下的影响因素.结果表明:各省农业全要素生产率的总体差异中,有36.46%是由其社会嵌入性的不同所造成的;农业结构系数、城市化进程、受灾率、农村人力资本和物流关系嵌入对农业全要素生产率有直接影响,认知关系嵌入、资金量关系嵌入、结构关系嵌入、文化关系嵌入、政治关系嵌入有间接影响,间接影响可通过调节农业结构系数、城市化进程和农村人力资本与农业全要素生产率之间的关系实现.因此,提高农业全要素生产率要同时考虑基本影响因素和社会嵌入因素.     

A metadata approach to statistical query processing

Concerning the task of integrating census and survey data from different sources as it is carried out by supranational statistical agencies, a formal metadata approach is investigated which supports data integration and table processing simultaneously. To this end, a metadata model is devised such that statistical query processing is accomplished by means of symbolic reasoning on machine-readable, operative metadata. As in databases, statistical queries are stated as formal expressions specifying declaratively what the intended output is; the operations necessary to retrieve appropriate available source data and to aggregate source data into the requested macrodata are derived mechanically. Using simple mathematics, this paper focuses particularly on the metadata model devised to harmonize semantically related data sources as well as the table model providing the principal data structure of the proposed system. Only an outline of the general design of a statistical information system based on the proposed metadata model is given and the state of development is summarized briefly.     

数理统计：科技英语语法研究的二元属性分析法

科技英语作为一种特殊的语言变体已引起广泛关注。许多学者曾对其进行研究并取得成果 ,但都缺乏必要的数理依据。介绍科技英语的数量统计方法 ,即先对科技文献进行随机抽样 ,进而采用二元属性分析法进行数理统计 ,再附之以归纳与演绎法综合应用从而过滤出数据 ,找出型式 ,这样即可检验现有假设 ,又可为科技英语的翻译及教学提供一个科学范式 ,以规范此领域的工作。     

EMPIRICAL INFLUENCE FOR ROBUST SMOOTHING

A simple graphical method is presented to display the sensitivity of a scatter plot smoother (e.g. loess, kernel smoothers) to perturbations in the data. This enables the robustness of smoothers which have been designed to be robust to be examined directly in particular examples. Graphs are shown of various robust smoothers on several standard datasets, so that the robustness of the smoothers can be compared. The method is found to be useful in revealing features of the smoothers. Related graphs for displaying the sensitivity of a smoother to k > 1 outliers are also presented.     

统计数学在国债发行中的应用

国债发行规模的研究离不开数学思维方式和数学方法,如定性分析与定量分析;笔者以回归分析为枢纽,将经济统计和计量经济相结合,通过分析国债发行与数学的关系,建立了两者间的紧密联系,并指出在国债发行的研究中统计数学方法的局限性.     

论我国政府统计调查的归一化管理

实施政府统计调查的归一化管理是确保我国政府统计信息质量的有效途径.在我国现阶段实施政府统计调查的归一化管理既具有必然性,又具有可行性,更具有现实意义.     

Accounting for Both Random Errors and Systematic Errors in Uncertainty Propagation Analysis of Computer Models Involving Experimental Measurements with Monte Carlo Methods

A Monte Carlo method is presented to study the effect of systematic and random errors on computer models mainly dealing with experimental data. It is a common assumption in this type of models (linear and nonlinear regression, and nonregression computer models) involving experimental measurements that the error sources are mainly random and independent with no constant background errors (systematic errors). However, from comparisons of different experimental data sources evidence is often found of significant bias or calibration errors. The uncertainty analysis approach presented in this work is based on the analysis of cumulative probability distributions for output variables of the models involved taking into account the effect of both types of errors. The probability distributions are obtained by performing Monte Carlo simulation coupled with appropriate definitions for the random and systematic errors. The main objectives are to detect the error source with stochastic dominance on the uncertainty propagation and the combined effect on output variables of the models. The results from the case studies analyzed show that the approach is able to distinguish which error type has a more significant effect on the performance of the model. Also, it was found that systematic or calibration errors, if present, cannot be neglected in uncertainty analysis of models dependent on experimental measurements such as chemical and physical properties. The approach can be used to facilitate decision making in fields related to safety factors selection, modeling, experimental data measurement, and experimental design.     

The RL2 chart versus the np chart for detecting upward shifts in fraction defective

The use of the np chart for monitoring fraction-defective is well-established, but there are a number of relatively simple alternatives based on run-lengths of conforming items. Here, the RL₂ chart, based on the moving sum of two successive conforming run-lengths, is investigated in order to provide SPC practitioners with clear-cut guidance on the comparative performance of these competing charts. Both sampling inspection and 100% inspection are considered here, and it is shown that the RL₂ chart can often be considerably more efficient than the np chart, but the comparative performance depends on the false-alarm rate used for the comparison. Graphs to aid parameter-choice for the RL₂ chart are also provided.     

我国外语实证研究工具层面问题分析

我国现阶段外语实证研究存在两大工具层面的问题:(1)虚构统计量与误用统计方法或统计量;(2)论证违反逻辑规则。这些问题的表现形式多种多样,即使在外语类核心学术期刊登载的研究报告中也不鲜见。虽然主要原因是我国外语教育研究者对实证研究所需要的统计学与逻辑学学科体系了解不足,但有的高层次研究者在虚构时所表现的胆大妄为与无所顾忌,也实在令人诧异。