论马克思哲学的生存论转向与人本主义转向

生存论是真正关于人的哲学理论,生存论视野中的人是真实的人、活生生的人,即现实具体的人、感性活动的人和历史生成的人.生存论转向与人本主义转向是一致的,从人学的维度解读生存论转向,其实是人学本体论的转向,是传统人本主义在当代的根本转型.马克思在哲学史上的划时代意义在于实现了生存论转向与人本主义转向,但这并非两个不同的转向,而是同一个转向,即转向实践-生存人本主义.如果我们把马克思所开辟的新哲学理解为"实践的唯物主义",那么,他的新人本主义就是生存(实践)论人本主义.     

人权:正义难题的现代解答——一个思想史的视角

正义是什么?这是一个曾经困扰了人类二千年的难题。西方古代的思想家曾经给予了不同的答案。在17世纪,基于"人权保障"和"权力制约"的正义观被提出,到20世纪中叶在全世界获得了基本共识。但是就每一个具体国家而言,正义社会的建设内容本身需要根据各自的国情和时代要求而确定。基于生产力落后以及封建官僚传统这一国情,我国正义社会的建立具有鲜明特色:以"生存权保障"为核心建立权利保障制度,以"反腐倡廉"为基础建立权力监督制度。     

A simulation study on power comparisons for group sequential tests of non-parametric statistics

In this article, a group sequential test (GST) of non-parametric statistics for survival data is briefly reviewed. An asymptotic joint distribution of the test statistics, obtained after each interim analysis, is given to illustrate the applicability of the critical values of the GST procedures. It should be noted that censored observations are generally seen in survival data. Therefore, if one makes power calculations irrespective of censoring, reliable results may not be achieved, due to the lack of information about the censoring structure. A wide simulation study, covering different censoring rates and tied observations, is conducted to make the power comparisons under various scenarios. The simulation results are interpreted and compared with the results obtained by using power analysis and sample size (PASS) software.     

A survey of permutation tests for censored survival data

The present paper surveys tests with censored sur-vival data for 2-and k-samples and for association by a framework which classifies them into complete or restric-ted permutation tests and into tests based on U-or Savage-scores. The formulae of the resulting twelve tests are briefly described for quick reference. Some of the tests have been applied frequently in the past as the tests by Mantel, Breslow or Gehan; others have been developed rather recently, partly by the author. The concluding discussion presents the results of a simulation study, clarifying similarities and differences of the restricted and complete permutation approach, and deals with rela-tive efficiencies of the two scoring systems.     

乡土世界中的女性悲歌——萧红小说中底层女性的生存悲剧

崛起于30年代的萧红就像一颗灿烂耀眼的新星在中国现代文坛上大放异彩。在她的文学创作中，是从女性的生育苦难和爱情、婚姻悲剧三方面来展现北方农村底层妇女的生存悲剧，从而阐释出女性在男权话语系统下的卑下地位。而这种别具风格的叙说方式与萧红自身的生命体验有着极其密切的联系。     

Semiparametric median residual life model and inference

For randomly censored data, the authors propose a general class of semiparametric median residual life models. They incorporate covariates in a generalized linear form while leaving the baseline median residual life function completely unspecified. Despite the non‐identifiability of the survival function for a given median residual life function, a simple and natural procedure is proposed to estimate the regression parameters and the baseline median residual life function. The authors derive the asymptotic properties for the estimators, and demonstrate the numerical performance of the proposed method through simulation studies. The median residual life model can be easily generalized to model other quantiles, and the estimation method can also be applied to the mean residual life model. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 38: 665–679; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada     

On the moment generating functions for integer valued random variables

Abstract

In this note, we give explicit expressions of moment generating functions for integer valued random variables in both univariate and multivariate cases, which extend the results obtained by Nadarajah and Mitov [Communications in Statistics–Theory and Methods, 32, 2003, 47–60] and more recently by Chakraborti, Jardim and Epprecht [The American Statistician, 2017], Kwong and Nadarajah [Communications in Statistics–Theory and Methods, 2017]. Some examples are also discussed.     

Discrimination between the complementary log-log and logistic model for ordinal data

An assessment is made of the number of observations on ordinal data necessary for reasonable power in a significance test of the null hypothesis of a logit model versus an alternative of a complementary log-log and vice versa. The conclusion is that quite modest numbers of observations, e.g. 50-100, are adequate provided that the boundaries of the ordinal scale are suitably defined.     

生存智慧--人类与自然的和谐相处

人类现实地生活在四维时空的阳性物质世界,但是又与四维以上的多维时空的阴性物质世界有着天然的联系.这种联系除了生命的五大要素中有80%的部分存在于阴性物质世界之外,还有一个重要的方面,就是阴阳两个物质世界的生命存在形式在一定条件下相互转化,同时这两种生命存在形式又保持着动态的平衡,即出生人口和死亡人口大体上保持一定的比例.在自然界,动物的生存数量自动地保持着动态平衡,其中必有深刻的不为人们所知的原因.目前世界人口的膨胀已经使阴阳两种生命的存在形式严重失衡,也使人口的生产与物质资料的生产严重失调,因而造成了一系列灾难的发生.人类要增长生存智慧,借助科学的力量克服横在我们面前的一切困难,特别是要学会与自然界和谐相处,做到可持续发展.