Ethics Creep: Governing Social Science Research in the Name of Ethics

This article presents an analysis of the Canadian ethics review process by a member of a Research Ethics Board. The author suggests that the new formal system for regulating the ethical conduct of scholarly research is experiencing a form of ethics creep. This is characterized by a dual process whereby the regulatory system is expanding outward to incorporate a host of new activities and institutions, while at the same time intensifying the regulation of activities deemed to fall within its ambit. These tendencies are demonstrated through an analysis of: 1) the scope of research ethics protocols, 2) the concept of harm employed by these boards, 3) the use of informed consent provisions, and 4) the presumption that research participants will remain anonymous. To accentuate the nature of this ethics creep, comparisons are made between the ways in which identical knowledge generation activities are governed within journalism and the academy. The conclusion suggests that one effect of the increasingly formalized research ethics structure is to rupture the relationship between following the rules and acting ethically. Some of the reasons for this creep are highlighted along with the risks that it poses for scholarship.     

盈余管理泛滥的制度原因与治理——基于中美资本市场的比较分析

盈余管理是导致会计信息失真,困扰资本市场有效运行的一大痼疾.其泛滥根本原因在于制度安排缺乏对滥用准则行为的有力制约,甚至产生诱导效果,而不是因为准则中存在可被利用的空间,与美国相比,我国的问题是尚未建立盈余管理的约束机制.治理盈余管理不能依靠修订会计准则,而应改进现有制度安排以强化阻碍力量,尤其政策上应变被动防范为主动查处,对滥用准则行为说"不".     

理性重构和“法治“与“德治“的有机结合

西方理性是关注超验世界的普遍理性,它为人们提供一个严密逻辑的世界观.逻辑使法律的外在手段成为社会治理的主要形式.但建立在普遍逻辑基础上的道德是绝对的道德,人们无法用它去规范社会行动.中国传统理性是关注经验世界的经验价值理性,不关注普遍逻辑 .没有建立起逻辑,法律的外在手段难以实现.它是多样的、相对的,建立起了能较好地用于规范社会行动的经验的多层次的道德.要实现"法治"和"德治"的结合,必须重构理性.重构的理性必须是多样性和普遍性、价值和真理相统一的理性.在马克思的实践观基础上能建构起这一理性即"实践的理性"."实践的理性"具有双重品格,能实现"法治"和"德治"的结合.     

一个围绕认识基本规律展开的认识规律与认识方法论体系的构想

主体与客体之间的认识与实践双重关系的矛盾是认识过程的基本矛盾,这一矛盾运动的规律是认识发展的基本规律.马克思主义的认识规律和认识方法论是一个理论体系.这一体系的建构必须遵循实事求是的原则;其内容应围绕着认识的基本规律展开,将认识规律和认识方法的阐述统一起来;其结构形式应将"规律"和"范畴"统一起来.本文提出了一个围绕认识基本规律展开的认识规律与认识方法论体系的初步构想.     

制造柔性的期权特征及其经济价值度量方法

本文分析了制造柔性的内涵,对其从生产状态变化的目标和产生来源进行了分类,并对制造柔性从期权的视角重新加以了表述.然后提出当存在市场需求、产品价格和可变成本三种不确定源的情形下制造柔性的多阶段期权定价模型,最后结合蒙特卡洛法实现了对项目投资决策阶段柔性经济价值的度量.     

消费者重复购买意向及其影响因素的实证研究

探究了感知价值、顾客满意、转移成本和消费时间间隔4个因素对重复购买意向的影响。结果发现感知价值、顾客满意、转移成本对重复购买意向有正相关关系,而消费时间间隔对重复购买意向并无显著的影响关系。同时,感知价值与顾客满意之间存在正向的影响关系,转移成本与顾客满意之间并不存在显著的影响关系。     

Comparing the relative efficiency of three sequential procedures

We consider the sequential procedures developed by Robbins and Siegmund (1974), Louis (1975) and Zoubeidi (1992) for comparing the means of two treatments. We let the procedures have equal power functions and compare their Bayes and minimax risks using the invariance property of their power functions. For each of several formulations of the problem we determine the most relatively efficient procedure and compute its expected total sample size.     

论我国著作权冲突规范的立法设计

我国有关著作权法律适用的立法至今仍付之阙如,不管从理论还是司法实践的角度来看,我国著作权法律适用的立法都是必要的。在立法中应采用分割的方法,对不同的著作权问题规定不同的冲突规范。在著作权本体的法律适用上可采用保护国法与来源国法相结合的做法,著作权合同的法律适用可以采用一般合同的冲突规范,而在著作权侵权的法律适用上以侵权行为地法为主,法院地法为辅。     

策略、规则及权力结构—— 一所中学高三教师名单的公布

本文以改革后的苏北的一所县级重点中学为个案，以围绕高三教师名单公布的升级事件为切入点，从组织的微观视角出发，描述在升级事件中的教师在各种情境下如何利用手头的已有资源来展开行动的策略，并在游戏各方的行动中构建出一个特有的组织权力结构。     

Inference on Filtered and Smoothed Probabilities in Markov-Switching Autoregressive Models

ABSTRACT

We derive a statistical theory that provides useful asymptotic approximations to the distributions of the single inferences of filtered and smoothed probabilities, derived from time series characterized by Markov-switching dynamics. We show that the uncertainty in these probabilities diminishes when the states are separated, the variance of the shocks is low, and the time series or the regimes are persistent. As empirical illustrations of our approach, we analyze the U.S. GDP growth rates and the U.S. real interest rates. For both models, we illustrate the usefulness of the confidence intervals when identifying the business cycle phases and the interest rate regimes.