金融改革对全要素生产率的影响研究——基于五个国家级金融改革试验区的经验数据

本文通过对五个国家级金融改革试验区的数据进行分析,基于"反事实"的合成控制法实证考察了金融改革对全要素生产率的影响。研究结果表明,除了广东的拟合数据不理想不能进行相应的测算外,其余四个金融改革试验区中,浙江和云南两个省内改革区的改革措施可以改善改革区域内的全要素生产率,而福建和山东两个省内金融改革区则没有对全要素生产率的提高产生较大影响。这说明浙江温州试验区发展民间借贷的改革措施有效的通过拓宽中小企业的融资渠道,增强中小企业的创新能力,实现全要素生产率提升。对云南试验区进一步实证研究发现：云南金融改革试验区成效显著,跨境业务等相关业务的创新改善企业"走出去"的融资困境,使更多的先进技术通过逆向溢出的方式传回国内,实现全要素生产率的增长。而福建和山东的改革目前并没有起到促进研发创新的作用。上述结果不仅完善了金融改革对全要素生产率影响的研究,为当前金融改革提供了有效的数据支持,并对金融改革政策的制定和实施的有一定的启示作用。     

Indirect reciprocity and reputation management: Interdisciplinary findings from evolutionary biology and economics

The concept of indirect reciprocity provides a scientific basis for the strategic value of corporate social responsibility within public relations. In contrast to direct reciprocity, indirect reciprocity occurs when an entity other than the recipient rewards a benevolent actor. Drawing primarily upon research from evolutionary biology and economics, this article builds an interdisciplinary case for the reality and efficacy of indirect reciprocity as a strategic means of building reputation and, consequently, establishing relationships that lead to resource acquisition. It concludes with a call for additional, related explorations of disciplines such as psychology, primatology, and neuroscience.     

构建我国农业信息保障体系的思考

从农业系统学的角度论述了以农业图书馆为主体 ,构建由农业生物、农业环境、农业技术、农业经济四大信息系统所组成的我国农业信息保障体系的多级网络结构模式     

还原论评价

在还原论概念及其分类的再认识基础上,对广义还原论与狭义还原论进行了综合评价。本体论还原论是错误的;理论还原论是促进科学进步的积极纲领,是实现科学统一的基本途径;方法论还原论则是科学认识与研究所必需的方法论手段。物理学、化学的理论与方法完全适用于生物学研究,但是生物学只能部分地被还原为物理学与化学,因而从根本上生物运动形式不能归结为物理、化学运动形式。     

Revitalizing sociology: urban life and mental illness between history and the present

This paper proposes a re‐thinking of the relationship between sociology and the biological sciences. Tracing lines of connection between the history of sociology and the contemporary landscape of biology, the paper argues for a reconfiguration of this relationship beyond popular rhetorics of ‘biologization' or ‘medicalization'. At the heart of the paper is a claim that, today, there are some potent new frames for re‐imagining the traffic between sociological and biological research – even for ‘revitalizing’ the sociological enterprise as such. The paper threads this argument through one empirical case: the relationship between urban life and mental illness. In its first section, it shows how this relationship enlivened both early psychiatric epidemiology, and some forms of the new discipline of sociology; it then traces the historical division of these sciences, as the sociological investment in psychiatric questions waned, and ‘the social' become marginalized within an increasingly ‘biological' psychiatry. In its third section, however, the paper shows how this relationship has lately been revivified, but now by a nuanced epigenetic and neurobiological attention to the links between mental health and urban life. What role can sociology play here? In its final section, the paper shows how this older sociology, with its lively interest in the psychiatric and neurobiological vicissitudes of urban social life, can be our guide in helping to identify intersections between sociological and biological attention. With a new century now underway, the paper concludes by suggesting that the relationship between urban life and mental illness may prove a core testing‐ground for a ‘revitalized' sociology.     

道德起源及其相关性问题——一种基于人类自演化机制的新视角

在分析各种道德起源成说的得失并吸收其他学科新成果的基础上,提出:道德的产生是生物适应性演化和人类有意识、有目的创化的共同结果,既是客观实在的生理基础(人性和基因基础)和自演化机制所致,也是人的主体意识性和目的性的创化机制所致,其目的在于保障人的生存发展,现实价值源于人过好生活的需要。由此出发以新的视角阐述了道德演化与宗教、法律、制度等现象的关系以及道德的目的、存在的价值、评价标准、阶级性、历史性、普世性等一系列问题。     

彰显特色探索国家生物学理科人才培养基地新模式

华中农业大学国家生物学理科基地在国家自然基金委和教育部组织的理科基地评估中连续2次被评为优秀,倍受社会瞩目,笔者试图从办学特色上挖掘取得这一成绩背后的原因。文章从“坚持理农结合,依托生科院,全校办基地”、“坚持科教融合,教学科研互促共进”、“坚持开放办学积极发挥示范辐射作用”等三个方面探寻基地成功建设的原因。     

论康德的先天综合知识

康德的先天综合知识在西方哲学史上可称得上是独树一帜,这种先天综合知识旨在给人类的认识提供有效的基础,并最终建立作为科学的形而上学。但这种愿望注定是渺茫的,这是因为,康德以之为典范的逻辑学、数学、自然科学所面临的挑战表明,它们称得上先天综合知识的可信度是非常弱的。在这样的背景下,如果我们不把形而上学当作科学对待,而只是把它看作帮助理性人走出困惑以获得心灵的平静的人生态度,形而上学的魅力也不会减弱。我们无须担心众说纷纭的形而上学讨论,因为这恰恰是哲学“爱智慧”本性之体现。