The Structure of Social Cohesion: An Analysis of Its Levels and Dimensions in Mexico City1

This article aims to conceptualize and assess social cohesion in Mexico, taking into account their multilevel and multidimensional nature. To measure social cohesion levels and dimensions, we used the Social Welfare Survey (N = 2871) for the 16 municipalities in Mexico City. Then, we employed the distance method to construct a social cohesion index. In addition, we define social cohesion degrees (very high, high, medium, and low) to explore the relevance of each indicator. The findings suggest that the objective and subjective indicators at the meso‐level has the highest contribution, regardless of the territory or degrees of cohesion. This finding suggests that neighborhoods are well organized for solving everyday problems. Meanwhile, the willingness to help both friends and members of one’s network was not a priority, which can be explained by the suspicion toward other people and the prevalent economic conditions.     

试述图表资料在生物教学中的作用

图表资料具有直观性、系统性及概括性的特点,在生物教学中有着重要地位及作用．     

教师课堂教学质量综合评价方法研究

教师课堂教学质量综合评价以课堂教学质量评价指标体系为基础,综合评价方法主要包括指标加权平均法和模糊综合评价法。难点是评价指标的设计和量化处理,权集的构造。对评价结果的分析可采用绝对评价(等级判断),相对评价,动态评价(个体差异的评价)。     

Simulation and quality of a synthetic close-to-reality employer–employee population

It is of essential importance that researchers have access to linked employer–employee data, but such data sets are rarely available for researchers or the public. Even in case that survey data have been made available, the evaluation of estimation methods is usually done by complex design-based simulation studies. For this aim, data on population level are needed to know the true parameters that are compared with the estimations derived from complex samples. These samples are usually drawn from the population under various sampling designs, missing values and outlier scenarios. The structural earnings statistics sample survey proposes accurate and harmonized data on the level and structure of remuneration of employees, their individual characteristics and the enterprise or place of employment to which they belong in EU member states and candidate countries. At the basis of this data set, we show how to simulate a synthetic close-to-reality population representing the employer and employee structure of Austria. The proposed simulation is based on work of A. Alfons, S. Kraft, M. Templ, and P. Filzmoser [{\em On the simulation of complex universes in the case of applying the German microcensus}, DACSEIS research paper series No. 4, University of Tübingen, 2003] and R. Münnich and J. Schürle [{\em Simulation of close-to-reality population data for household surveys with application to EU-SILC}, Statistical Methods & Applications 20(3) (2011c), pp. 383–407]. However, new challenges are related to consider the special structure of employer–employee data and the complexity induced with the underlying two-stage design of the survey. By using quality measures in form of simple summary statistics, benchmarking indicators and visualizations, the simulated population is analysed and evaluated. An accompanying study on literature has been made to select the most important benchmarking indicators.     

机载前视SAR三维成像原理及分辨率分析

提出一种新型的采用天线阵模式的机载前视合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统,分析了其三维成像原理。根据前视SAR的成像几何模型和回波信号特点给出了实现前视SAR三维成像的处理流程,详细推导了前视SAR的三维分辨率。模拟了X波段前视SAR点目标回波并进行了三维成像实验。仿真结果表明前视SAR系统能够实现三维成像,验证了本文算法的有效性。     

论弗雷格区分“a=a”和“a=b”失败

从柏拉图到蒯因,哲学家们提出各种方案证明＂a=a＂和＂a=b＂没有区分。这些证明尽管没有逻辑错误,但是违反经验,还是有瑕疵。弗雷格通过赋予语词意义和指称,试图证明＂a=a＂和＂a=b＂在认知意义上有区分;但是,由于弗雷格允许意义不同的语词可以有相同的指称,他的努力还是功亏一篑,＂a=a＂和＂a=b＂依然没有区分。有关同一性问题的讨论,尽管弗雷格的回答符合经验,但是不如柏拉图等人的回答在逻辑上完备,没有矛盾。这是一个很无奈的结局。     

A new double sampling control chart for monitoring process mean using auxiliary information

Statistical quality control charts have been widely accepted as a potentially powerful process monitoring tool because of their excellent speed in tracking shifts in the underlying process parameter(s). In recent studies, auxiliary-information-based (AIB) control charts have shown superior run length performances than those constructed without using it. In this paper, a new double sampling (DS) control chart is constructed whose plotting-statistics requires information on the study variable and on any correlated auxiliary variable for efficiently monitoring the process mean, namely AIB DS chart. The AIB DS chart also encompasses the classical DS chart. We discuss in detail the construction, optimal design, run length profiles, and the performance evaluations of the proposed chart. It turns out that the AIB DS chart performs uniformly better than the DS chart when detecting different kinds of shifts in the process mean. It is also more sensitive than the classical synthetic and AIB synthetic charts when detecting a particular shift in the process mean. Moreover, with some realistic beliefs, the proposed chart outperforms the exponentially weighted moving average chart. An illustrative example is also presented to explain the working and implementation of the proposed chart.     

The economic impact of prolonged political instability: a case study of Fiji

It has been long believed that prolonged political instability harms economic growth and development. This paper contributes to this growing empirical literature by studying the case in Fiji, which has faced a long period of political instability caused by a series of coups, military administrations and frequent changes in government since 1987. The impact of political instability on growth is hard to identify empirically because the counterfactual is unobserved and it is difficult to find valid comparisons. To solve this problem, we use the recently developed Synthetic Control Method to construct a counterfactual (or synthetic Fiji) that predicts the growth of a politically stable Fiji. The difference in per capita growth trajectories of the synthetic and the actual Fiji can thus be attributed as the impacts of political instability. Our findings show that the political instability caused by a series of coups since 1987 has indeed led Fiji onto a lower growth path, and that the accumulated effect is getting larger.     

HYBRIDITY THEORY AND KINSHIP THINKING

A parallel is posited between the ways hybridity and kinship are thought about in Western contexts, challenging the idea that kinship and biology tend to lead to narrow, roots-oriented, essentialized definitions of identity. Rather than being the opposite of rhizomic, diasporic hybridity, kinship and biology partake of the tension between roots and routes that is characteristic of all hybridity. Anthropological evidence on the character of Western kinship thinking is examined to elucidate some features of its flexibility. Theories of hybridity are seen as being themselves a type of kinship thinking.     

国家综合配套改革试验区的改革与政策法制冲突问题研究

制度因素是区域经济发展的内生变量,政策法律制度是正式制度安排,对区域经济发展具有重要的作用.国家综合配套改革是在政策法律逐步完善基础上的改革,和早期区域经济发展缺少政策法律保障不同,更多的是两者之间的冲突,在行政管理体制领域、经济体制改革领域和社会体制改革领域都有明显表现.解决两者之间的冲突不仅需要国家层面进行解决,也需要试点区域进行推动.