STEPWISE TESTS WHEN THE TEST STATISTICS ARE INDEPENDENT

Consider the problem of simultaneously testing a nonhierarchical finite family of hypotheses based on independent test statistics. A general stepwise test is defined, of which the well known step-down and step-up tests are special cases. The step-up test is shown to dominate the other stepwise tests, including the step-down test, for situations of practical importance. When testing against two-sided alternatives, it is pointed out that if the step-up test is augmented to include directional decisions then the augmented step-up test controls the type I and III familywise error jointly at the original level q. The definition of the adjusted p values for the step-up test is justified. The results are illustrated by a numerical example.     

Excel在大学英语测试统计分析中的运用

测试在大学英语教学中起着十分重要的作用。通过对大学英语课程试卷进行数据资料的收集、统计与分析,重点介绍了11种Excel统计分析方法,使大学英语教师对整个教学过程有一个全面、系统、科学的认识,为强化教学监控与提高教学质量提供准确化、科学化的量化依据。     

成对测试中的一种用例生成算法

在对嵌入式软件进行黑盒测试研究的基础上,提出了一种基于成对测试设计思想的测试用例生成算法。该方法充分考虑到待测软件所有外部接口参数的可能取值和各种可能取值的组合。实验结果证明,该算法在不影响测试精度的情况下能有效提高测试用例的选择效果。     

对学生成绩评价指标体系中一些问题的思考

大学各门课程的考试一般应为目标参照性考试,这种考试旨在检测学生有没有达到教学目标的要求或达标的程度,因而分数的分布不应一味地追求正态分布,其难度和区分度的要求也与常模参照性考试有所不同,信度的估计应采用全等性信度而不应采用相似性信度.     

红-蓝主观色:规律验证

用设计的角星形纸盘,验证了以扇形为材料的实验中所得现象和规律,结果表明:两个实验中的大多现象和规律都是一致的,但本研究中也出现了不明显的黄、绿等主观颜色,并且主观辐条数与客观辐条数的成“自然数”的倍数关系。     

加拿大英语水平等级测试标准探讨

加拿大语言等级标准(CanadianLanguageBenchmarks,简称CLB),作为一项以语言使用任务为基础,以英语为第二语言的描述性标准,代表了加拿大对新移民成人语言训练的新发展。本文探讨和分析了其构建的理论基础、设计原则和特点。并介绍了加拿大红河大学对CLB规定的语言等级标准与TOEFL、CanTEST考试所作的对比研究。     

Tests for high-dimensional covariance matrices using the theory of U-statistics

Test statistics for sphericity and identity of the covariance matrix are presented, when the data are multivariate normal and the dimension, p, can exceed the sample size, n. Under certain mild conditions mainly on the traces of the unknown covariance matrix, and using the asymptotic theory of U-statistics, the test statistics are shown to follow an approximate normal distribution for large p, also when p?n. The accuracy of the statistics is shown through simulation results, particularly emphasizing the case when p can be much larger than n. A real data set is used to illustrate the application of the proposed test statistics.     

Efficient Stratified Testing Procedure for a False Discovery Rate

The false discovery rate (FDR) has become a popular error measure in the large-scale simultaneous testing. When data are collected from heterogenous sources and form grouped hypotheses testing, it may be beneficial to use the distinct feature of groups to conduct the multiple hypotheses testing. We propose a stratified testing procedure that uses different FDR levels according to the stratification features based on p-values. Our proposed method is easy to implement in practice. Simulations studies show that the proposed method produces more efficient testing results. The stratified testing procedure minimizes the overall false negative rate (FNR) level, while controlling the overall FDR. An example from a type II diabetes mice study further illustrates the practical advantages of this new approach.     

Multi-stage step-wise group screening

Step-wise group screening experiments for classifying members of a population as either good or defective are generalised to more than two stages. An expression for the expected number of tests is obtained and optimum 2, 3 and 4-stage designs are tabulated. By assuming p to be small, an approximation to the expected number of tests is derived which is minimized with respect to the number of groups in each stage. Finally, a new bifurcation technique, seen to be a special case of multi-stage step-wise group screening, is discussed.     

On a ump and curtailed double sampling test for proportions

The test on proportions as prescribed in the double sampling plan of Dodge and Roming (1929) for inspection by attributes is revisited. A noticeable deficiency of this plan is that it may require more observations than could have been required by an 'equivalent1 fixed-sample testing procedure having the same Type I and Type II error probabilities. Here, we propose a curtailed version of this sampling plan which assures the experimenter that the actual number of observations required to arrive at a terminal decision will never exceed that of the comparable fixed-size testing procedure while keeping the error probabilities at desired levels. In fact, we show that the entire power function of the proposed testing procedure matches that of the 'best' (UMP in its size) fixed-size-sample testing procedure. Other proper- ties of this curtailed double sampling testing procedure, such as its Average Sample Number and its operational characteristics, are also discussed and illustrated.