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11.
利用2000—2012年样本数据对全要素省际能源经济效率进行了测算,研究发现样本期间绝大部分省市自治区能源经济效率整体都呈不断下降的趋势,并且生产过程中低效率地区大幅增加,分布状态由“点状”向“面状”扩散,尤其是中西部地区下降较为明显,究其原因主要为:二氧化碳排放和能源消费结构是能源经济效率变化和地区差异的重要影响因素;据此运用门槛分析方法对其进行区域空间分布研究,将全国30个省市自治区划分为低排放—结构较合理、低排放—结构欠合理、高排放—结构较合理类群、高排放—结构欠合理和高排放—结构不合理5大类群,最后结合各类型区域自身发展特点,提出因地制宜的低碳绿色发展建议,并从需求侧和供给侧两方面提出能源经济效率改善的政策建议。 相似文献
12.
现代物流的发展对新亚欧大陆桥沿线地区(中国段)社会经济的发展具有重大的促进作用,本文简要介绍了沿线物流发展现状,在对沿线物流发展格局分析的基础上,对沿线地区现代物流发展的基本思路进行了初步的探讨,提出了沿线地区现代物流发展的战略目标和总体定位。 相似文献
13.
在20世纪30年代的中国本位文化论战中,全盘西化的观点是最令人瞩目的。通过对陈序经、胡适、张佛泉的西化思想的梳理与分析,达到理清西化派思想脉络的目的,从而对其思想作出综合评价。 相似文献
14.
接受美学文学史模式的特点用一句话概括就是以读者为中心,在期待视野融合中朱透视文学的效果史。它主要包括五个方面:文学是一种特殊的历史类型,读者在文学史中地位的确定,文学史的历时与共时研究,效果史与接受史的结合,显示出建构一种总体文学史的意向。它作为文学史研究的新范式,具有着同过去一切文学史理论不同的全新的价值取向,形成了一种对文学总体活动过程研究的新思路,实现了文学史研究方向的根本变化。 相似文献
15.
Satya Savitzky 《Mobilities》2018,13(5):662-684
This article examines a 3-day blackout, triggered by a ‘1-in-100-year’ rainfall event. Storms and floods account for almost three-quarters of weather-related disasters, and are typically accompanied by cascading infrastructure failures, which pattern and amplify their effects in highly significant ways. Such disruptions reveal aspects of everyday life that ordinarily remain obscure, including capacities for resilience embodied in people, cities and infrastructure. The article proposes that disruption events be understood in terms of ‘scrambles’, as they involve abrupt demobilisation and remobilisation of a range of people and materials. The article firstly examines the astonishing capacity for failure latent in ‘pervasively powered’ arrangements, as well as the many ways in which people and things were ‘scrambled’ in response. The article then proceeds to explore the ways in which vulnerabilities result in part from mobilisation in response to previous disruption events, before examining the ‘circuits’ that link far-flung places in mobile disaster geographies, global patterns of electricity dependence, the rise of data overload in the ‘cloud’ to carbon overload in the atmosphere. The article concludes by presenting further evidence in support of the thesis that disruptions and disasters are part of a ‘new normal’, and what this means for prevailing sociotechnical arrangements reliant on ‘sunk’ infrastructure. 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACTViolations of linearity, symmetry, and equidistance of scale points in semantic differential scales may be due to respondents failing to figure out antonyms, to a positivity bias, or to respondents curtailing their reading the options. Multiple correspondence analysis on data provided by a randomized between-subjects experiment (split-ballot), using a web survey of 537 German residents, shows that bipolar semantic differential scales allow for linear measurement and conceal no positivity bias, and that using not suitable adjective pairs in semantic differential scales destroys symmetry. 相似文献
17.
18.
《Omega》2017
In general cases, to find the exact upper bound on the minimal total cost of the transportation problem with varying demands and supplies is an NP-hard problem. In literature, there are only two approaches with several shortcomings to solve the problem. In this paper, the problem is formulated as a bi-level programming model, and proven to be solvable in a polynomial time if the sum of the lower bounds for all the supplies is no less than the sum of the upper bounds for all the demands; and a heuristic algorithm named TPVDS-A based on genetic algorithm is developed as an efficient and robust solution method of the model. Computational experiments on benchmark and new randomly generated instances show that the TPVDS-A algorithm outperforms the two existing approaches. 相似文献
19.
We present a framework to describe and analyze operational risk in financial services from an operations management perspective, focusing in particular on process design, process management, and human behavior aspects. The financial services industry differs from other service industries in ways that affect the nature of the operational risks it is subject to. In recent decades, many books and papers have focused on operational risk in financial services; however, this literature has focused mainly on the conceptual and statistical aspects of operational risk management and not on its operational aspects. Operational risk in financial services has not received much attention from the operations management community. The framework presented here is based on the premise that operational risk in financial services can reap significant benefits from research done in the theory and practice of operations management in manufacturing industries as well as in other services industries. The objective of this study is to propose particular challenges and questions raised in the practice of operational risk management that may stimulate future research in this particular area of operations management. 相似文献
20.
In some statistical problems a degree of explicit, prior information is available about the value taken by the parameter of interest, θ say, although the information is much less than would be needed to place a prior density on the parameter's distribution. Often the prior information takes the form of a simple bound, ‘θ > θ1 ’ or ‘θ < θ1 ’, where θ1 is determined by physical considerations or mathematical theory, such as positivity of a variance. A conventional approach to accommodating the requirement that θ > θ1 is to replace an estimator, , of θ by the maximum of and θ1. However, this technique is generally inadequate. For one thing, it does not respect the strictness of the inequality θ > θ1 , which can be critical in interpreting results. For another, it produces an estimator that does not respond in a natural way to perturbations of the data. In this paper we suggest an alternative approach, in which bootstrap aggregation, or bagging, is used to overcome these difficulties. Bagging gives estimators that, when subjected to the constraint θ > θ1 , strictly exceed θ1 except in extreme settings in which the empirical evidence strongly contradicts the constraint. Bagging also reduces estimator variability in the important case for which is close to θ1, and more generally produces estimators that respect the constraint in a smooth, realistic fashion. 相似文献