Stressors beget stressors: The effect of passive leadership on employee health through workload and work–family conflict

The current study examined passive leadership as a potential antecedent of two commonly studied workplace stressors (i.e. workload and work–family conflict), and investigated its negative effect on employee burnout and physical symptoms via these stressors. We collected two waves of data from 274 focal participants, and one wave of data from their co-workers. Results showed that both self-reported and co-worker-reported passive leadership was positively related to employee burnout and physical symptoms, as well as workload and work–family conflict. Additionally, workload and work–family conflict partially mediated the effects of passive leadership on burnout and physical symptoms, respectively. Our findings support the notion that passive leadership can create a stressful workplace and have a detrimental effect on employees’ health.     

Development of sustainable platform for modular product family: a case study

Abstract

Defining product platform architecture is a critical issue to design and develop product variants. Different factors are highly dependent on the architecture type, such as number of variants, to measure modularity level, component commonality, market demand, etc. It is directly related to manage product portfolios and setting up business plan of a company. Before defining a product platform, whether it is modular or integral product designers need to follow specific design guidelines and checklists. This research mainly focuses on to define the platform architecture as well as provides necessary design guidelines and checklists for the product designers. It also highlights an example product of a case company with the objective to clarify/validate the proposed product design approach. In conclusion, this paper outlines the findings from this research and proposed some critical questions need to be answered within the scope of future research potentials.     

渤海封氏——中国律学世家的绝响

河北景县古称"渤海蓧县",封氏世代以此为郡望,至南北朝时期,博通经史、尤精法律的封氏家族,成为北朝最负盛名的律学世家.封氏子弟在长期的仕宦生涯中,以他们的家传律学影响着北朝法制建设的走向,为中国儒法合流、礼法结合的法律体系定型奠定了基础.但作为两汉以来律学世家的传承者,至此也成为最后的绝响.     

Transformed generalized linear models

The estimation of data transformation is very useful to yield response variables satisfying closely a normal linear model. Generalized linear models enable the fitting of models to a wide range of data types. These models are based on exponential dispersion models. We propose a new class of transformed generalized linear models to extend the Box and Cox models and the generalized linear models. We use the generalized linear model framework to fit these models and discuss maximum likelihood estimation and inference. We give a simple formula to estimate the parameter that index the transformation of the response variable for a subclass of models. We also give a simple formula to estimate the r$r$th moment of the original dependent variable. We explore the possibility of using these models to time series data to extend the generalized autoregressive moving average models discussed by Benjamin et al. [Generalized autoregressive moving average models. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 98, 214–223]. The usefulness of these models is illustrated in a simulation study and in applications to three real data sets.     

阶级阶层形成的家庭背景作用

本文运用了美国学者赖特的新马克思主义者阶级分层的操作性架构,并结合中国的国情对该架构模型进行了修改.为了验证该模型的可行性,我们选择了上海、浙江、福建三地进行了调研.调研显示该模型较符合中国的国情,同时我们也发现了家庭背景对人们阶级阶层形成的影响与作用.     

村级女计生专干的困境分析

我国人口形势目前呈现出前所未有的复杂局面,人口计生工作重点难点在农村。根据实际需要。很多地方提倡每个行政村配备至少一名女性担任村级计生专干。当前研究界极少对该群体进行研究。处于人口计生网络网底的女性计生专干在工作中面临着工作不专、责任大权力小、招怨气、无保障等诸多困难。究其原因在于。她们时常面临角色冲突（边缘的工作角色、强者的社区期待、矛盾的家庭角色）;受传统的性别观和生育观束缚;相关政策有待完善;自身工作能力和素质有待提高等方面。由此建议。在村级女计生专干的队伍建设中完善培训机制、引入竞争机制、强化管理机制、落实待遇机制、创新激励机制。     

社会文化变迁对婚姻家庭的影响及趋势

婚姻家庭既是人类文化的积淀,是社会文化的载体,也是传递社会文化的重要组成部分。在人类发展的历史长河中,婚姻家庭与社会文化变迁密切相关,社会文化变迁以各种方式影响着婚姻家庭的建立、形成与发展。以社会文化变迁为视角,通过对社会文化变迁与婚姻家庭的建立、形成与发展之间的互动关系的历史考察,从婚姻家庭形式、婚姻家庭制度、婚姻家庭观念、婚姻家庭习俗、婚姻家庭关系等方面探讨人类社会文化变迁与婚姻家庭变化发展之间的内在关系,揭示人类社会不同历史阶段社会文化变迁及其特点对人类社会婚姻家庭建立、形成与发展的影响,探索社会文化变迁与婚姻家庭变化规律,探寻在当代社会文化交汇、冲突、融合加快趋势下,社会文化变迁与婚姻家庭变化的趋势。     

流动人口计划生育管理服务体系的缺陷与对策

流动人口计划生育管理服务工作是当前我国人口计生工作的难点。通过论述我国流动人口计划生育管理服务体系存在的理论缺陷、管理体制缺陷、融入缺陷、制度缺陷、机制缺陷、资源缺陷和手段缺陷,从战略层面、发展层面、工作层面提出提高流动人口计划生育管理服务效能的系列对策,以期能够破解困扰全国多年的流动人口计划生育管理服务难题。     

转型期撒拉族婚姻家庭价值观变迁探微

二十世纪八十年代以后,撒拉族社会、经济、文化结构开始转型,民众的婚姻家庭观念出现了从传统向现代转化的趋势.通过研究笔者发现:传统文化、传统性因子依然是影响撒拉族婚姻、家庭观的主要因素,现代文化、现代性因子也已进入撒拉族婚姻家庭观念之中,使得撒拉族婚姻家庭价值观呈现出传统与现代的互动、融合的特点.     

The Mental Health Advantage of Immigrant‐Background Youth: The Role of Family Factors

Children of immigrant background, despite problems with acculturation, poverty, and discrimination, have better mental health than children of native parents. We asked whether this is a result of immigrant families' characteristics such as family structure and relations. Using a new comparative study on the integration of immigrant‐background youth conducted in England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden (N = 18,716), particularly strong associations with mental health (internalizing and externalizing problems) were found for family structure, family cohesion, and parental warmth. Overall, half of the advantage in internalizing and externalizing problems among immigrant‐background youth could be accounted for by our measures of family structure and family relations, with family cohesion being particularly important.