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A seasonal mixed-POT model to estimate high flood quantiles from different event types and seasons 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Svenja Fischer 《Journal of applied statistics》2018,45(15):2831-2847
Flood events can be caused by several different meteorological circumstances. For example, heavy rain events often lead to short flood events with high peaks, whereas snowmelt normally results in events of very long duration with a high volume. Both event types have to be considered in the design of flood protection systems. Unfortunately, all these different event types are often included in annual maximum series (AMS) leading to inhomogeneous samples. Moreover, certain event types are underrepresented in the AMS. This is especially unsatisfactory if the most extreme events result from such an event type. Therefore, monthly maximum data are used to enlarge the information spectrum on the different event types. Of course, not all events can be included in the flood statistics because not every monthly maximum can be declared as a flood. To take this into account, a mixture Peak-over-threshold model is applied, with thresholds specifying flood events of several types that occur in a season of the year. This model is then extended to cover the seasonal type of the data. The applicability is shown in a German case study, where the impact of the single event types in different parts of a year is evaluated. 相似文献
205.
Bente Castro Campos 《Asian Ethnicity》2015,16(4):516-537
This article studies the Miao classification as an example to examine the minzu shibie project initiated by the Chinese Communist Party after 1949. The Miao classification that originates with the minzu shibie project can be defined as a process of miaoicization; however, it is not a unified Miao group (as projected by the classification team) that has emerged but rather one dominant Miao subgroup that defines the official Miao category in contemporary China. At the moment the most dominant Miao subgroup is the Hmu group in Southeast Guizhou. The overemphasis of Hmu sub-culture to represent all the Miao of China is related to the fact that over the last decades many important leaders in Guizhou have been Hmu. While all Hmu are sinicized to a certain extent, it seems that the Hmu at the bottom of the socioeconomic scale are most likely to be sinicized and to amalgamate with the Han majority. 相似文献
206.
The impact of migration on income for Swedish multi-adult households is examined using panel data pertaining to a sample
of stable household constellations during the period 1980–1990. In contrast to previous studies, data on household disposable
income is employed in estimating the income function. The empirical results indicate no significant effect on real disposable
income from migration. In addition, the hypothesis of no self-selection, or zero correlation between the errors in the decision
function and the income function, cannot be rejected.
Received: 10 May 1995 / Accepted: 14 August 1996 相似文献
207.
索黛 《西北民族大学学报》1998,(1)
本文论述了藏文古文献常见金石铭刻、木简、文书写卷、木刻版文献这四种类型以及各种类型的渊源,在不同历史条件下所起的作用。抢救和保护藏文古文献是目前当务之急。在藏文古文献的整理中,应重视文献的永在价值和潜在价值。藏文文献的开发利用应从宣传介绍、吸引更多的人重视和利用藏文古文献、改进服务方式、建立藏文古文献开发利用的领导机构、培养古文献整理人才几方面着手,使藏文古文献在藏学研究中发挥出更大的作用 相似文献
208.
在民族旅游地的发展中,居民态度及主客之间的关系是旅游产业需要解决的关键问题.基于文化适应理论,通过开发Berry文化适应二维模型,对贵州黔东南黎平肇兴侗寨241位社区居民样本的实证研究显示:旅游情境中,居民在主客跨文化互动中具有整合、同化、分离、边缘四种文化适应类型,并以整合型居多;整合与同化意味着文化适应程度高,分离和边缘意味着文化适应程度低;女性的文化适应程度比男性高;文化适应程度越高的居民对旅游产业的支持度越高,具体而言,文化适应能力较强的居民对旅游者更加热情,也更愿意为目的地进行推荐宣传. 因此,旅游规划和管理部门应重视并着力提升民族旅游地居民在旅游发展中的文化适应能力,使其既能自信地展示和传承民俗文化,又能与旅游者进行热情、友好的互动,从而在文化、经济等层面推动目的地的可持续发展. 相似文献
209.
《Omega》2016
The multiple criteria ABC analysis is widely used in inventory management, and it can help organizations to assign inventory items into different classes with respect to several evaluation criteria. Many approaches have been proposed in the literature for addressing such a problem. However, most of these approaches are fully compensatory in multiple criteria aggregation. This means that an item scoring badly on one or more key criteria could be placed in good classes because these bad performances could be compensated by other criteria. Thus, it is necessary to consider the non-compensation in the multiple criteria ABC analysis. To the best of our knowledge, the ABC classification problem with non-compensation among criteria has not been studied sufficiently. We thus propose a new classification approach based on the outranking model to cope with such a problem in this paper. However, the relational nature of the outranking model makes the search for the optimal classification solution a complex combinatorial optimization problem. It is very time-consuming to solve such a problem using mathematical programming techniques when the inventory size is large. Therefore, we combine the clustering analysis and the simulated annealing algorithm to search for the optimal classification. The clustering analysis groups similar inventory items together and builds up the hierarchy of clusters of items. The simulated annealing algorithm searches for the optimal classification on different levels of the hierarchy. The proposed approach is illustrated by a practical example from a Chinese manufacturer. Furthermore, we validate the performance of the approach through experimental investigation on a large set of artificially generated data at the end of the paper. 相似文献
210.
略谈旅游文献的分类 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
卢华语 《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》1999,(6)
随着旅游学科的建立,探讨图书分类法中旅游文献的分类问题显得日益重要而迫切;只有以整个旅游学科而不是以旅游学科的某个研究侧面为旅游文献的分类基础,才能确立一种较为科学而完备的旅游文献分类体系和标准。 相似文献