失业与通货膨胀的跨期替代——评2006年诺奖得主埃德蒙•费尔普斯的学术贡献

作为一名杰出的经济学家,2006年诺贝尔经济学奖得主埃德蒙·费尔普斯的一个重要学术贡献体现在对失业与通货膨胀方面的创新性分析上,包括建立“孤岛模型”,对菲利普斯曲线的修正以及自然失业率的提出等。他的理论研究加深了人们对于通货膨胀和失业之间的跨期替代关系的认识,并对经济学研究和经济决策产生了决定性的影响。     

有机构成调整下劳动就业问题的思考

资本有机构成理论是马克思分析资本积累三大历史趋势的首要内容,深刻认识资本有机构成的内涵,特别是深刻认识有机构成发展趋势的内涵,对于调整社会产业结构、经济结构以及就业结构;对于充分认识经济形势变化形成劳动就业给社会带来的压力,进行事前引导和调整;在理论和实践上都将有着重大影响和深刻的指导意义。     

从职业流动看失业阻滞与再就业机制

从职业流动视角来看 ,失业具有无流动性、下向流动性和被迫性 ;失业阻滞在于职业流动的规模不大 ,制度约束性太强和观念滞后 ;再就业具有上向流动性和主动性 ;再就业机制是一个由经济驱动机制、制度改革机制、就业观念转变机制和劳动力自由流动机制构成的综合性、动态性结构体系。     

正确认识结构性失业 积极推进大学生就业

在当前全球金融危机的大环境下,大学生的就业压力普遍增大,就业问题更成为当今社会讨论的一个热点问题.高等学校应及时引导大学生,使他们能够正确分析形势,理性认识金融危机对就业带来的负面影响正确认识结构性失业;高等学校做好大学生的就业指导对于大学生自身的成才和就业以及社会的稳定和发展具有重要意义,采取有效措施切实指导好大学生就业是当前高校亟待加强的重要工作.     

基于价格的消费者信息搜寻过程研究

消费者在购买商品之前,信息搜集是一个必不可少的阶段。消费者的信息搜集过程是比较复杂的。文章通过构建信息搜寻模型,并对影响信息搜集的因素进行分析,认为产品的价格是影响信息搜集量及其持续时间的主要因素,即消费者在购买高价商品时花费的时间远远大于购买低价商品所花费的时间,并用实例进行验证。     

How do labour laws affect unemployment and the labour share of national income? The experience of six OECD countries, 1970–2010

Using longitudinal data on labour law in France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States over the period 1970–2010, the authors estimate the impact of labour regulation on unemployment and the labour share of national income. Their dynamic panel data analysis distinguishes between the short‐run and long‐run effects of regulatory change. They find that worker‐protective labour laws in general have no consistent relationship to unemployment but are positively correlated with labour's share of national income. Laws specifically relating to working time and employee representation are found to have beneficial effects on both efficiency and distribution thus proxied.     

Sleep hygiene practices and sleep duration in rotating-shift shiftworkers

Abstract

Alcohol, caffeine and tobacco intake, exercise, activities on going to bed, and sleep-enhancing measures were assessed in 72 rotating-shift shiftworkers to determine whether these variables differ following day shifts and night-shifts, and which are related to sleep duration. Only alcohol intake and exercise prior to sleep, and feeling drowsy when retiring, differed following the night-shift. Workers generally followed recommendations concerning alcohol intake, sleeping immediately on retiring, and exercising, but acted contrary to recommendations concerning caffeine and nicotine intake. The only behaviour clearly associated with poor sleep was smoking, which reduced sleep duration.     

国有企业再融资得到了政策倾斜——基于间隔期模型的实证分析

采用间隔期模型对中国上市公司首次公开发行与上市后的第一次再融资的融资间隔期进行了实证分析.研究表明,国有股比例越高,则首发后融资间隔期越短,而且这一结论在考察了公司的特征属性后是稳健的.更进一步的研究发现,国有股比例高的公司往往更达不到发行主管机构制定的关于再融资的净资产收益率标准.这2点发现表明:在股票发行核准制度框架下,国有企业再融资得到了政策倾斜.     

超高频数据的日内效应调整方法研究

日内效应在金融高频数据研究中已被广泛证实,是一种日内周期性运动的动态效应,它影响了以微观金融指标为参数的计量模型的准确估计。基于金融超高频持续期数据,本文首先论述了日内效应调整的重要性,然后引入自适应映射(SOM)的方法对日内效应进行调整。SOM是一种基于神经网络学习的特征提取方法,能够动态识别高维数据中的结构特征,克服了静态调整方法的不足。最后通过建立基于自回归条件持续期模型(ACD)的蒙特卡罗模拟实验,比较了三种日内效应调整方法的效果。模拟结果表明SOM方法在日内效应调整中更为有效和稳定,特别适合大数据条件下的周期性结构分析。     

Unemployed by choice: young creative people and the balancing of responsibilities through strategic self-management

The Danish welfare system inadvertently provides a good opportunity for young creative people to pursue their dreams in creative fields such as art, acting, music while being on unemployment benefits. As Michael, one of the participants, puts it: ‘I consider unemployment benefit entrepreneurial support’. The subversive practice is illegal. This qualitative study investigates how young unemployed people who choose to be unemployed in order to engage in innovative projects in creative fields understand and justify their practice. Analysis of in-depth interviews with six young unemployed persons shows how the understanding and management of responsibility is pivotal in the self-understanding and legitimization of receiving unemployment benefits by choice, not out of need. This creative group reflects the contours of a new type of unemployed that has received very little attention in the research literature. The group challenges the traditional representation of the unemployed and portrays themselves as innovative, competent and able to cope with financial insecurity even though it is psychologically distressing and a risky path to go down. We characterize them as strategic self-managing as they use educational systems and unemployment benefit systems for something entirely different from what they are intended – they use it to create their own artistic life courses. This study tentatively points to a categorization distinguishing between personal, social and societal responsibility by which we can improve our understanding of responsibility in neoliberal contexts.