观念的自然——论董仲舒的神学宇宙图式

董仲舒褪去战国以来阴阳五行观念的感性具体内涵,由天赋予其情感化、伦理化的色彩,使之蛮横地越过自然概念的边界,成为建构具有神圣合法依据的,包揽从精神到物质、从人事到自然的统一的相互联系的和彼此影响的遵循"天"意的一体化世界的纲领性概念。这个以天地为轮廓、五行为间架、阴阳为运行于其中的两种力量的宇宙图式,目的不是认识自然把握自然,它精细地梳理人与社会、人与人、人与自然的关系,厘定现实世界的君臣、夫妇、父子、长幼、尊卑秩序,让张扬道德理想的先秦原始儒学成为可践履的政治哲学。     

新生代农民工融入城市社会的调查与思考——以江西省广丰县农民工为样本

新生代农民工正逐步成为中国生产力大军的主要力量。对江西省广丰县返乡农民工的调查显示,与老一代相比,新生代农民工融入城市社会的主观意愿更加强烈,生产、生活方式更具城市化。他们积极调整自己的生活生产方式、价值观念和行为模式,主动适应并努力融入城市生活,但仍面临城乡分割的二元社会和户籍制度、城市居民的歧视和不健全的社会保障体系等很难跨越的障碍,导致农民工与当地居民同工不同酬,同工不同权,同工不同福利保障。社会要给予新生代农民工更多的人文关怀,政府要发挥好主导作用,增强农民工对城市生活的信心,提高农民工对城市社会的归属感,促进农民工更好地融入城市社会生活。     

影响墨子战争观形成的几个因素

墨子战争观的内容十分丰富,主要集中在《墨子.非攻》中。笔者从墨子＂尊天事鬼＂的哲学观、战国时代的社会现实以及墨子本人的阶级立场等三个方面,对墨子＂非攻＂战争观形成进行了探讨。并认为他的战争观,不仅与当前的＂和平解决＂国际争端的思想相一致,还为＂消霸权主义＂提供崭新视角,更有力地批判了和平主义思潮,具有较强的现实意义。     

道德规范可普遍化研究

道德规范可普遍化是指它可适用于境况、条件、范围相同的各种个案事实。道德规范可普遍化隶属于价值判断可普遍化。代表越多人群利益的道德规范,其可普遍化范围越广。任何道德规范都有例外。要正确适用道德规范,就必须把握住它的适用条件和范围,排除其例外情况。     

Density Estimation by Total Variation Penalized Likelihood Driven by the Sparsity ℓ1 Information Criterion

Abstract. We propose a non‐linear density estimator, which is locally adaptive, like wavelet estimators, and positive everywhere, without a log‐ or root‐transform. This estimator is based on maximizing a non‐parametric log‐likelihood function regularized by a total variation penalty. The smoothness is driven by a single penalty parameter, and to avoid cross‐validation, we derive an information criterion based on the idea of universal penalty. The penalized log‐likelihood maximization is reformulated as an ?₁‐penalized strictly convex programme whose unique solution is the density estimate. A Newton‐type method cannot be applied to calculate the estimate because the ?₁‐penalty is non‐differentiable. Instead, we use a dual block coordinate relaxation method that exploits the problem structure. By comparing with kernel, spline and taut string estimators on a Monte Carlo simulation, and by investigating the sensitivity to ties on two real data sets, we observe that the new estimator achieves good L ₁ and L ₂ risk for densities with sharp features, and behaves well with ties.     

A disarmingly simple idea? Practical bottlenecks in the implementation of a universal basic income

This article considers the implementation of a universal basic income, a neglected area in basic income research. We identify and examine three important practical bottlenecks that may prevent a basic income scheme from attaining the universal reach desired and proclaimed by its advocates: i) maintaining a population‐wide cadaster of eligible claimants ensuring full takeup; ii) instituting robust modalities of payment that reach all intended beneficiaries; and iii) designing an effective oversight mechanism in a policy context that actively opposes client monitoring. We argue that the implementation of universal basic income faces unique challenges that its proponents must consider carefully.     

Domination and total domination in complementary prisms

Let G be a graph and be the complement of G. The complementary prism of G is the graph formed from the disjoint union of G and by adding the edges of a perfect matching between the corresponding vertices of G and . For example, if G is a 5-cycle, then is the Petersen graph. In this paper we consider domination and total domination numbers of complementary prisms. For any graph G, and , where γ(G) and γ _t (G) denote the domination and total domination numbers of G, respectively. Among other results, we characterize the graphs G attaining these lower bounds. Research supported in part by the South African National Research Foundation and the University of KwaZulu-Natal.     

Social Policy, “Deservingness,” and Sociotemporal Marginalization: Katrina Survivors and FEMA

Limiting assistance in the context of the neoliberal U.S. welfare state relies on a distinction between the deserving and undeserving poor. Hurricane Katrina survivors were caught between two opposing cultural characterizations—”deserving” disaster victims and “undeserving” welfare cheats. In this article, I examine Hurricane Katrina survivors' experiences with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)'s rental assistance policies and practices, as their experiences reveal important aspects of how aid is allocated in the context of the contemporary U.S. welfare state, and what consequences this has for marginalized populations. I analyze in‐depth interviews and field observations with displaced Katrina survivors and find that FEMA policies and practices assumed a “middle class” model of family structure and economic standing. Those who did not fit into this model were made to wait while their cases were investigated, which had negative psychological and material consequences. I argue that being made to wait, or temporal domination, is a central component of the larger sociotemporal marginalization of the poor, or the way in which time structures social stratification. Temporal domination is a feature of neoliberal social policy, neither maliciously intended nor entirely unintended, that has the consequence of punishing the “undeserving.”     

马克思恩格斯对思辨“秘密”的剖析及其启示

马克思恩格斯通过对唯心主义思辨哲学颠倒“普遍和特殊”关系这一错误思维方式的剖析,阐明了“普遍与特殊”的辩证关系：普遍来自于特殊,并通过特殊表现出来.科学把握“普遍和特殊”的辩证关系原理,对于识破“普世价值”的理论谬误、推进社会主义核心价值体系建设有重要启迪.     

Power,identity, and history in central Botswana

This analysis offers an examination of two larger theoretical questions. The first is the question of theorizing local‐global relations; the second concerns the value of the concept of resistance. The essay describes the emergence of a new village community at the rural periphery of eastern Botswana. In exploring in great detail the complex struggles that have constituted the local politics in this rural periphery and the engagement of such local struggles with national and transnational forces, I wish to examine the way collective identities, social space, and social relations have shifted in the course of the past decade or more in Botswana.