Partitioning large signed two-mode networks: Problems and prospects

While a substantial amount of attention within social network analysis (SNA) has been given to the study of one-mode networks, there is an increasing consideration of two-mode networks. Recent research on signed networks resulted in the relaxed structural balance (RSB) approach and its subsequent extension to signed two-mode networks involving social actors and social objects. We extend this approach to large signed two-mode networks, and address the methodological issues that arise. We develop tools to partition these types of networks and compare them with other approaches using a recently collected dataset of United Nations General Assembly roll call votes. Although our primary purpose is methodological, we take the first step towards bridging Heider's structural balance theory with recent theorizing in international relations on soft balancing of power processes.     

论我国累积投票制的模式选择及完善

累积投票制度对改善公司治理和实现股东间的实质公平具有重意义,但由于我国《公司法》仅对该制度作了啄则性规定,这在立法和实践运用中是不足的。有必借鉴其他国家和地区的立法经验,根据不同公司形式对累积投票制度进行模式选择,并针对其不足提出相关完善建议．．     

The contribution of media consumption to civic participation

A national UK survey (N = 1017) examined the association between media consumption and three indicators of civic participation - likelihood of voting, interest in politics, and actions taken in response to a public issue of concern to the respondent. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the variance explained by media use variables after first controlling for demographic, social and political predictors of each indicator of participation. Media use significantly added to explaining variance in civic participation as follows. In accounting for voting, demographic and political/social factors mattered, but so too did some media habits (listening to the radio and engagement with the news). Interest in politics was accounted for by political/social factors and by media use, especially higher news engagement and lower media trust. However, taking action on an issue of concern was accounted for only by political/social factors, with the exception that slightly fewer actions were taken by those who watched more television. These findings provided little support for the media malaise thesis, and instead were interpreted as providing qualified support for the cognitive/motivational theory of news as a means of engaging the public.     

论股东投票权的来源及其法律实现

公司并非仅仅是一种法人人格,它实际上是公司中的利益相关者之间的博弈,体现为一种关系契约。基于关系契约的视角,公司与股东的关系作为一种契约关系,内含了股东应当而且必须享有自由平等的权利,而股东作为公司剩余财产的最后索取人,享有对公司决议的最后决策权。股东的投资转化为股权后,股权作为独立民事权利,具有资本性和流动性,使股东可以通过股权表达自己公司运作的意向。股东在考虑了投票表决的效率、具体的可行性操作后,在资本多数决的表决机制上达成了默契,这种表决机制提供了到目前为止能够在尽可能维护公司整体利益的前提下保障效率的最佳方案。正是从必然性和必要性两方面的考量,公司各利益关涉方积极捍卫基于资本多数决的投票表决机制所最后达成的决议。     

我国股份有限公司累积投票制度法律理论与实务问题研究

公司股东投票制度的目的在于实现股东的表决权利,从而促进公司的健康发展和社会经济的发展。但是随着现代市场国际化进程的加快和我国经济的跳跃式发展,以及公司内部股权结构等问题的影响,中小股东的合法权益无法得到充分的保护,因此完善我国累积投票制度,对保护中小股东权益具有积极作用。     

社区选举：在政治冷漠与高投票率之间

本文试图回答这样一个问题：为什么在选民普遍冷漠的情况下,居委会换届选举依然实现了非常高的投票率？通过对上海市2006年社区选举的考察,我们发现高投票率与一人多票是分不开的。一方面,家庭而非个人是最基本的投票单位,通常一个家庭只有一名成员亲自投票;另一方面,无限制的委托投票赋予了社区积极分子事实上的“复票权”。这种局面实际上是政府、党总支/居委会、积极分子和选民共谋的结果。与村民自治相比,城市社区选举之所以缺乏活力,关键在于村委会选举以分配性利益为基础,需要选出“当家人”;而居委会选举以维持性利益为基础,只要选出“守夜人”。居民的政治冷漠实际上是由社区的利益结构所决定的,而社区选举的制度安排又进一步强化了人们的冷漠。     

农村居民在基层选举中的心态分析--对湖北省长阳县1281位农村居民的实证调查

从选举过程中行为主体的角度出发,通过对湖北省长阳县某镇农村居民的抽样调查,从对选举权利的认知、对选举作用的评价和对选举过程的感受三方面了解农村村民在基层选举中的心态,并重点分析各种心理态势对其参与选举投票意愿的影响,从而做出政策上的建议。     

The Welfare Consequences of Strategic Voting in Two Commonly Used Parliamentary Agendas

This paper studies the welfare consequences of strategic voting in two commonly used parliamentary agendas by comparing the average utilities obtained in simulated voting under two behavioural assumptions: expected utility maximising behaviour and sincere behaviour. The average utility obtained in simulations is higher with expected utility maximising behaviour than with sincere voting behaviour under a broad range of assumptions. Strategic voting increases welfare particularly if the distribution of preference intensities correlates with voter types.      

Bribes,power, and managerial control in corporate voting games

Proxy fights have received comparatively little attention relative to the more popular methods for corporate control transfer: merger and tender offers. This paper presents an analytic model of the proxy contest as a cooperative game with four players: management, passive shareholders, insurgent shareholders and a trust fund. The power of the players and the effectiveness of certain managerial actions is discussed.     

集团协商表决制：国际组织表决机制的新思路

现行国际组织表决机制的不合理,使国家实际上无法实现平等,并导致发达国家侵害发展中国家利益的现象大量存在。如何建立一个公平的表决机制,是国际法上迫切需要解决的任务。为此,本文提出一种新的“集团协商表决制”,并对其运行程序、可行性与合理性进行了法理性分析论证,旨在为国际组织表决机制的改进与完善提供一种新的思路。