Detection of a change point with local polynomial fits for the random design case

Regression functions may have a change or discontinuity point in the ν th derivative function at an unknown location. This paper considers a method of estimating the location and the jump size of the change point based on the local polynomial fits with one‐sided kernels when the design points are random. It shows that the estimator of the location of the change point achieves the rate n^?1/(2ν+1) when ν is even. On the other hand, when ν is odd, it converges faster than the rate n^?1/(2ν+1) due to a property of one‐sided kernels. Computer simulation demonstrates the improved performance of the method over the existing ones.     

试论我国医疗事故鉴定的证据性质及其效力

医疗纠纷诉讼的增多已成为社会关注的焦点之一 ,医疗事故鉴定在处理医疗纠纷诉讼中有重要影响。应当明确医疗事故鉴定的性质是一种特殊的民事法律行为。医疗事故鉴定作为民事诉讼证据之一———鉴定结论 ,应当经过充分质证 ,由裁判者做出决定。但应进一步完善医疗事故鉴定质证、认证制度 ,裁判者在舍去医疗事故时应说明不采信的理由     

Evaluation of the Quality of Safety and Risk Analysis in the Chemical Industry

Safety and risk analyses have often been criticized as incomplete and inaccurate. This criticism, however, lacks a sound basis, since there has been little scientific evaluation of the methods developed for safety and risk analysis. The aim of this paper is to present a proposal for establishing measures—reliability, validity, and coverage—to be used in the evaluation of the scientific quality of the hazard identification and accident modeling phases in safety and risk analysis. The paper also presents four main principles for the evaluation of the scientific quality, and a theoretical framework to be used in evaluation. The framework is illustrated with practical examples taken from the chemical industry.     

AMW谱估计算法以及在信号识别中的应用

本文在对Burg格型算法谱线分裂原因分析、讨论的基础上,提出了一种短数据点时AMW算法,并对其性能进行了分析。讨论了这种AMW算法在信号识别中的应用,提出了一种基于AMW算法的信号检测方法。此外,还在附录中,给出了此算法稳定的证明。     

神经网络用于通信信号分类识别研究

介绍了将神经网络方法应用于通信信号的分选和识别的初步研究结果；选择了二值自适应共振（ＡＲＴ１）神经网络完成对输入信号的分类，确定输入信号类型是否已被网络存储，发现新出现的信号并标记；再采用多层前馈误差反向传播（ＢＰ）神经网络完成每一标记信号的识别，即识别该信号类型。比较了神经网络分类识别器和树形分类器的性能，并给出了计算机模拟结果。结果表明，基于神经网络的分类识别器的性能远优于传统技术分类器。     

Exact and approximate sum representations for the Dirichlet process

The Dirichlet process can be regarded as a random probability measure for which the authors examine various sum representations. They consider in particular the gamma process construction of Ferguson (1973) and the “stick‐breaking” construction of Sethuraman (1994). They propose a Dirichlet finite sum representation that strongly approximates the Dirichlet process. They assess the accuracy of this approximation and characterize the posterior that this new prior leads to in the context of Bayesian nonpara‐metric hierarchical models.     

船舶油污损害赔偿民事责任主体探析

为应对重大油污事故带来的巨大生态和经济损失,二战以后,国际社会建立了油污损害赔偿机制。随着我国航运大国地位的确立,在我国发生的油污事故日益增多,损害结果触目惊心。相比发达国家,我国船舶油污损害赔偿责任主体的立法很不完善,相关规定较为模糊,缺乏系统性和可操作性。通过对国际公约和我国立法中有关油污责任主体法律法规的梳理与分析,指出我国在涉及油污责任主体方面的立法和司法审判中应考虑的因素。     

错误认同、文化霸权和普遍性匮乏——文化特殊主义的僵局

在全球化背景下,人们对文化普遍主义的批评甚多,而对文化特殊主义(相对主义)的困境却往往忽视。把文化相对主义误读为文化普遍主义必然导致真正的普遍性的匮乏,而普遍性的缺失,将使多种文化的沟通成为不可能。消除文化特殊主义与文化普遍主义之间的僵局,可能的途径是“求大同,存小异”———把一种独特的文化视为普遍性的具体表达;在普遍主义的基础上,使文化交流得以可能,从而使特殊性得到充分的展现。     

Specification and Identification of Stochastic Demand Models

This paper is concerned with stochastic demand systems for continuous choices that arise from structural random utility models. It examines under which nonparametric conditions on the structural random utility specification the implied reduced form model is nonsingular and invertible. For parametric members within this class of random utility models, the paper provides conditions for local identification from the reduced form under moment assumptions.     

Weak Instrumental Variables Models for Longitudinal Data

This article considers the estimation and testing of a within-group two-stage least squares (TSLS) estimator for instruments with varying degrees of weakness in a longitudinal (panel) data model. We show that adding the repeated cross-sectional information into a regression model can improve the estimation in weak instruments. Moreover, the consistency and limiting distribution of the TSLS estimator are established when both N and T tend to infinity. Some asymptotically pivotal tests are extended to a longitudinal data model and their asymptotic properties are examined. A Monte Carlo experiment is conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed estimators.