关于文化差异与翻译问题的思考

语言和文化的密不可分性 ,决定了文化因素在翻译中的重要地位。目前 ,对文化差异的翻译方法存在同化与异化之争。本文从“功能等值”的角度 ,探讨了这个问题。     

词的非常规功能义释义模式探析

词的功能义,是指因词性(或语法功能)不同而导致词的意义变化而形成的词义.研究词的功能义,重点是认识词在非常规功能下意义的变化.探讨词的非常规功能义的释义模式要注意区分逻辑语义模式与语言表达变式,以期在语文辞书中准确地、规范地说解词的非常规功能义.     

高阶混合型周期系统的周期解

应用Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ分析的方法，结合一些不等式技巧得到了ｎ阶常系数带有滞后与超前偏差变元的混合型线性周期系统存在周期解的充要条件．     

Mixture structure analysis using the Akaike Information Criterion and the bootstrap

Given i.i.d. observations x1,x2,x3,...,xn drawn from a mixture of normal terms, one is often interested in determining the number of terms in the mixture and their defining parameters. Although the problem of determining the number of terms is intractable under the most general assumptions, there is hope of elucidating the mixture structure given appropriate caveats on the underlying mixture. This paper examines a new approach to this problem based on the use of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) based pruning of data driven mixture models which are obtained from resampled data sets. Results of the application of this procedure to artificially generated data sets and a real world data set are provided.     

市场的制度性分割:经济适用房制度的博弈分析

为低收入者提供基本住房保障是政府的基本职责,经济适用房是实现该职责的一个制度体现.但是中国的经济适用房制度并没有实现其设计目标.那么是什么原因导致了这个结果,如何实现为低收入者提供基本住房保障的目标?从政府、开发商、购买者三方博弈的角度,可以发现经济适用房制度失败的关键在于它造成了市场的制度性分割,由此产生的市场套利行为瓦解了经济适用房的制度基础.改革方向在于撤销经济适用房制度,实施住房补贴制度,重新建立统一的住房市场.     

框架理论与等值翻译——认知语言学视角下的翻译

框架理论是认知语言学理论的一个重要组成部分。框架理论认为：对任何一个概念的理解必然会激发一整套相关经验概念，包括它的隐含意义和社会文化意义。在翻译时，如何处理中西方读者因生活经验和文化背景差异而造成的框架差异或框架冲突至关重要。从等值翻译入手，提出译文与原文存在三种对应方法。     

从功能对等的角度析英语电影片名的汉译

将英语电影片名译成汉语,以功能对等为目标,按照片名的信息价值、文化价值、审美价值和商业价值的要求进行翻译。翻译过程中,译者应对片名进行分析、转换和重组,根据不同情况采用不同的翻译方法,使汉语译名形式与英文电影内容达到辩证统一。既注意到标题的字面意义,又注意发掘其深层意义。从功能对等理论的角度对不同的翻译方法进行分析。     

ON BOOTSTRAP HYPOTHESIS TESTING

We describe methods for constructing bootstrap hypothesis tests, illustrating our approach using analysis of variance. The importance of pivotalness is discussed. Pivotal statistics usually result in improved accuracy of level. We note that hypothesis tests and confidence intervals call for different methods of resampling, so as to ensure that accurate critical point estimates are obtained in the former case even when data fail to comply with the null hypothesis. Our main points are illustrated by a simulation study and application to three real data sets.     

A Spatio-Temporal Model for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data – with a View to Resting State Networks

Abstract.  Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique for studying the active human brain. During the fMRI experiment, a sequence of MR images is obtained, where the brain is represented as a set of voxels. The data obtained are a realization of a complex spatio-temporal process with many sources of variation, both biological and technical. We present a spatio-temporal point process model approach for fMRI data where the temporal and spatial activation are modelled simultaneously. It is possible to analyse other characteristics of the data than just the locations of active brain regions, such as the interaction between the active regions. We discuss both classical statistical inference and Bayesian inference in the model. We analyse simulated data without repeated stimuli both for location of the activated regions and for interactions between the activated regions. An example of analysis of fMRI data, using this approach, is presented.     

A Non-parametric Test for Generalized First-order Autoregressive Models

We derive a non-parametric test for testing the presence of V(X_i,ε_i) in the non-parametric first-order autoregressive model X_i+1=T(X_i)+V(X_i,ε_i)+U(X_i)ε_i+1, where the function T(x) is assumed known. The test is constructed as a functional of a basic process for which we establish a weak invariance principle, under the null hypothesis and under stationarity and mixing assumptions. Bounds for the local and non-local powers are provided under a condition which ensures that the power tends to one as the sample size tends to infinity.The testing procedure can be applied, e.g. to bilinear models, ARCH models, EXPAR models and to some other uncommon models. Our results confirm the robustness of the test constructed in Ngatchou Wandji (1995) and in Diebolt & Ngatchou Wandji (1995).