中国司法改革年度报告(2021)

2021年,司法改革伴随着政法教育整顿运动继续推进。改革在完善四级法院审级职能定位、完善统一法律适用机制、加强诉讼监督等方面有所进展。民事诉讼法修订,跨地域、级别调用检察官的做法,认罪认罚案件的量刑规定,有所争议。开展政法教育整顿有利于促进从政治信仰到法治信仰的形成,增强对政法的监督,落实部分关键性机制,并促进新改革机制的形成。但它也存在加剧行政化色彩、管理难度大等局限。因此,既要发挥整顿的制度效用,亦可考虑将其建设成一个以一定年限为间隔的常规性司法治理机制。     

对当前工业设计教学模式的思考

近年来,有些院校在工业设计专业的新教学计划中提出了“课程环”的构想。这样的教学模式试图把先前自成一体的课程有机地融解在数个相对的小系统中,进而形成以课题设计为中心的大系统。而过去的“三段式”教学模式则是以各门独立课程为中心的。在“三段式”教育下,有的学生几乎每门功课都优秀却做不出好设计来,更有甚者不懂设计程序而无法完成完整的设计。这种教学模式存在诸多弊端。     

从政府单一管理到综合治理——我国人口发展治理体系建设的政策分析

政府单一管理的传统计划生育管理体制已经不适应当今现实。根据社会治理理论,人口发展治理体系建设需要转换政府职能;缩小政府管制范围,扩大市场机制的应用范围和强度;激励公众参与,建立社会制衡机制。在具体的建设当中要注意处理好四对关系。     

高校与地方政府合作办学的探索与实践——张家港校区发展的思考

高校与地方政府异地合作办学是在高等教育大众化形势下,为解决高校办学资源不足与人们接受教育需求这两者之间矛盾的重要举措。异地办学为高校扩张提供了显著的机遇,也面临着不少的挑战,如何充分利用地方与校本部双方资源,正确定位异地校区基本职能和办学特色,合理选择管理模式是目前异地办学急需解决的几个问题。     

商标英汉翻译的优选论分析

商标英汉翻译的成败对于国外产品能否成功进军国内市场起着关键性的作用。本文在黄忠廉、胡远兵的术语全译策略系统的基础上,建立了商标翻译策略系统,并在优选论的理论框架中,探讨了商标翻译的各种策略的认知理据,提出了商标翻译的制约条件的等级排列。     

利用稳定分布构建开放式基金业绩评价体系

经典的基金业绩评价方法是在收益率服从正态分布假设下构建风险指标，该指标或者高估风险，或者低估风险。可引入稳定分布来描述收益率，并利用稳定分布，构建风险调整的基金业绩评价体系，并利用该体系对我国开放式基金的业绩进行评价。     

我国国内生产总值核算行业分类的调整

文章不但阐述了国内生产总值核算新行业分类与1994年国家国民经济行业分类标准之间的区别和联系,同时还阐述了国内生产总值核算新行业分类与国内生产总值核算间的区别和联系.     

Multivariate Control Charts Based on Hybrid Novelty Scores

We propose a new nonparametric multivariate control chart that integrates a novelty score. The proposed control chart uses as its monitoring statistic a hybrid novelty score, calculated based on the distance to local observations as well as on the distance to the convex hull constructed by its neighbors. The control limits of the proposed control chart were established based on a bootstrap method. A rigorous simulation study was conducted to examine the properties of the proposed control chart under various scenarios and compare it with existing multivariate control charts in terms of average run length (ARL) performance. The simulation results showed that the proposed control chart outperformed both the parametric and nonparametric Hotelling's T ² control charts, especially in nonnormal situations. Moreover, experimental results with real semiconductor data demonstrated the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed control chart. To increase the capability to detect small mean shift, we propose an exponentially weighted hybrid novelty score control chart. Simulation results indicated that exponentially weighted hybrid score charts outperformed the hybrid novelty score based control charts.     

On the estimation of the true probability of a correct selection

For ranking and selection problems, the true probabiIity of a correct selection P(CS) is unknown even if a selection is made under the indifference-zone approach. Thus to estimate the true P(CS) some Bayes estimators and a bootstrap estimator are proposed for two normcal populations with common known variance. Also a bootstrap estimator and a bootstrap confidence interval are proposed for normal populations with common unknown variance. Some comparisons between proposed estimators and some other known estimators are made via Monte Carlo simulations.