陕甘宁边区特殊性地方政府述论

陕甘宁边区为解决抗战时期特殊的政治、经济、民族等问题,先后设立了直辖市、民族自治区、垦区和盐业中心区等类型的特殊性地方政府。边区在行政区划方面进行的创新和实践,不仅极大地丰富了区划类型,也较好地解决了边区当时面临的实际问题和困难,为建国后特殊性地方政府的设立积累了宝贵的经验。     

基于行政记录人口普查方法的国际比较

开展基于行政记录的人口普查被视为有效破解传统人口普查难题的途径之一,亦是顺应大数据时代充分挖掘人口行政记录资源的必然之选。本文较系统地阐述了基于行政记录人口普查方法的基本框架,尝试对“完全模式”人口普查和“组合模式”人口普查的实施步骤进行解析。基于此,本文选择芬兰、奥地利、瑞士、荷兰四个国家,分普查基本情况、行政记录类型选择和基本记录库形成、已存在统计记录系统基本结构、专门组织的抽样调查设计、不同系统间的链接途径、新人口统计信息质量评估方法等六个维度,对实施基于行政记录的人口普查方法进行了国家比较。     

Who Cares About Your Big Day? Impact of Life Events on Dynamics of Social Networks

With online social networking having revolutionized the way in which individuals communicate and interact with each other, there is heightened research interest in the dynamics of social networks. This article seeks to contribute to this stream of research by addressing the key question of the impact of major life events, such as getting married or graduating from college, on social network evolution. Consistent with prior studies on the evolution of individuals’ social networks, we specifically focus on two key attributes of an individual's network: indegree of ties and relational embeddedness. By longitudinally analyzing the network activities of a large‐scale online social network, we find that the indegree of ties increased significantly following a major life event, and that this impact was stronger for more active users in the network. Interestingly, we also find that the broadcast of major life events served to revive dormant ties as reflected by a decrease in embeddedness following a life event. We also found that one‐time life events such as weddings had a greater impact than recurring life events such as birthdays on the evolution of a user's social network. From a research perspective, our study contributes to existing research by focusing on a user's communication network as opposed to friendship network and by emphasizing how exogenous life events add a different dimension to user communication patterns. The importance of life events on social network evolution has important implications for practice as well by providing insights to advertisers as well as to social networking sites.     

对我国旅行社行业管理问题的思考

自1978年以来,我国旅行社的行业管理经历了从无到有、从盲目到逐步规范化的过度阶段,行政性的直接管理是这一阶段的突出特点。进入90年代以来,随着制度环境的变化,转轨经济的实施,行政性管理已不适应我国旅行社业发展的需要,构建与实施市场化导向的旅行社行业管理已成必然。     

Subsidiary embeddedness as a determinant of divisional headquarters involvement in innovation transfer processes

This paper conceptualizes divisional headquarters as an important hub-firm within the MNE, orchestrating innovation transfer processes between subsidiaries. It is argued that the internal and external embeddedness of a subsidiary hosting an innovation development project subsequently influences divisional headquarters involvement in the transfer of that innovation. In this way, embeddedness, i.e., the relationships that firms have with each other in the innovation development phase, is brought to the fore as an important factor for MNE subsidiaries hosting innovation development projects for explaining the involvement of divisional headquarters in a subsequent transfer. This highlights divisional headquarters as an active orchestrator of innovation transfers within the MNE. Data from 169 innovation transfer projects as well as 146 internal and 121 external embedded relationships at subsidiary level support the argument of embeddedness as a driver of divisional headquarters involvement in subsidiary innovation transfer projects. From a business network perspective, the findings highlight the role of internal and external embeddedness during innovation development in the subsequent involvement of divisional headquarters in the transfer phase. Embeddedness is not only important for subsidiaries in the innovation development phase but also for divisional headquarters involvement in, and orchestration of, innovation transfer.     

洪仁玕“新政”近代元素的渊源?--从“三十年后说康梁”说起

明清之际,西学渐次东渐。由于中国统治阶层对此漠然处之,因此对于当时之中国影响不大。鸦片战争清帝国战败的事实惊醒了一部分中国人,开始重新审视西学,建议将其作为一种改造中国的手段而加以运用。在西学东渐的过程中,西方传教士厥功至伟,洪仁玕作为一位基督教的虔诚信仰者,对于西学在中国的传播起到了与西方同行相同的作用,并集中体现于其与西学有深刻渊源之著述———《资政新篇》。     

行政法契约意义解读

行政服务契约理念的倡导与运行机制的构筑,客观上带来对行政法性质的全新阐释,及行政法作用、目的的转变。行政法契约意义定位改变了公民与政府的法律关系,促进行政职能价值取向的转变,同时也就要求行政服务意识的增强,无论是进行公共产品的提供和服务,还是制度创新、管理创新,都必须立足于公众。     

行政不作为及其责任体系

界定不作为有存在论和规范论两种基本进路,在现代法治语境下,从规范论的角度,行政不作为较为合理的定义应为：行政主体负有法定的作为义务且能够履行而未履行或拖延履行的行政行为。着眼于有效规制行政不作为行为以及构建行政不作为的责任体系,对于行政不作为可以区隔为抽象行政不作为和具体行政不作为、中请行政之行政不作为和职权行政之行政不作为两种主要的对应分类。道义责任、政治责任和法律责任构成行政不作为责任体系的三种基本类型,其中行政不作为的法律责任包括行政责任、赔偿责任和刑事责任三种具体形式。