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1.
政策调整适应劳动力市场灵活性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
劳动保障部劳动科学研究所课题组 《中国劳动》2005,(11):11-15
20世纪90年代以来,是中国从计划经济向市场经济转轨、市场经济体制逐步形成的过程。在这一过程中,政府对市场的直接干预程度弱化,劳动力市场机制对资源配置的基础性作用不断增强。与此同时,劳动立法和执法工作滞后,导致正规就业岗位越来越少,灵活就业和非正规就业比重极大增加,工作任期普遍缩短,劳动力流动率提高,而社会保障、就业服务机会不足,劳动者就业的稳定感极大地降低,劳动力市场的总体就业安全性降低。在这一过程中,政府进行了一系列的立法、制度和政策调整,来适应不断增强的就业灵活性。本文主要从劳动力市场制度政策的角度,对这些调整进行评价,并提出建议。 相似文献
2.
Amelia Dale Horne M. Nabil El‐Khorazaty Chirayath M. Suchindran 《Mathematical Population Studies》2013,20(3):183-207
The childbearing process should be monitored in developing countries experiencing high population growth rates and high levels of maternal and infant mortality. A mathematical model for estimation of certain aspects of the childbearing process, which requires only data on age‐specific fertility rates, is developed. Synthetic maternal childbearing indices, namely, mean ages at first and last birth, length of reproductive life span, inter‐birth spacing, and proportion of childless women, in addition to the well‐known mean age at childbearing, for the WFS countries are obtained using the proposed model. The indices are free from age truncation effects, and, under certain assumptions, provide information about a cohort's completed fertility before the women stop reproducing. The effects of women's residence and education on fertility are also examined. 相似文献
3.
Scharoun-Lee M Gordon-Larsen P Adair LS Popkin BM Kaufman JS Suchindran CM 《Demography》2011,48(2):625-651
Investigations of socioeconomic status (SES) and health during the transition to adulthood in the United States are complicated
by the later and more varied transitions in residence, employment, schooling, and social roles compared with previous generations.
Parental SES is an important influence during adolescence but cannot sufficiently capture the SES of the independent young
adult. Typical, single SES indicators based on income or education likely misclassify the SES of young adults who have not
yet completed their education or other training, or who have entered the labor force early with ultimately lower status attainment.
We use a latent class analysis (LCA) framework to characterize five intergenerational SES groups, combining multidimensional
SES information from two time points—that is, adolescent (parental) and young adult (self) SES data. Associations of these
groups with obesity, a high-risk health outcome in young adults, revealed nuanced relationships not seen using traditional
intergenerational SES measures. In males, for example, a middle-class upbringing in adolescence and continued material advantage
into adulthood was associated with nearly as high obesity as a working poor upbringing and early, detrimental transitions.
This intergenerational typology of early SES exposure facilitates understanding of SES and health during young adulthood. 相似文献
4.
C. DOMINIK GÜSS MA. TERESA TUASON & VANESSA B. TEIXEIRA 《Journal for the theory of social behaviour》2007,37(4):415-445
What political, economic, religious, and emotional factors are involved in a person's decision to kill civilians and military personnel through the sacrifice of his or her own life? Data for this research were secondary analyses of interviews with Islamic martyrs, as well as their leaders’ speeches. This investigation into the cultural‐psychological explanations for Islamic martyrdom leads to a model explaining a person's decision to carry out the mission as resulting from a combination of four factors: the historical‐cultural context, group processes, immediate and anticipated rewards, and mechanisms to eradicate possible doubts and guilt regarding this decision. Compared to existing models, this model is more integrative and focused on the psychological processes involved. 相似文献
5.
SS Srivastava 《Omega》1985,13(2):115-120
The paper gives an outline of the areas of Operational Research (OR) where work in the Defence Department in India has been successful, even though it has not been fully implemented due to certain reservations on the part of the users and some limitations of OR scientists. There is an ad hoc quality in the decision making of the customer, and no large scale OR models are available which give a total effect of defence spending on social measures and human resources development. OR would be able to contribute to a balanced spending on defence in developing countries, if effort were made to analyse defence problems in the wider context. The author was formerly Director of Scientific Evaluation, Ministry of Defence, India. 相似文献
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7.
This paper describes a study of an industrial sequencing/scheduling problem. The study contains the definition of the problem, data requirements and examination of solution technique. Definition of the problem is discussed from the aspect of uniqueness of the specific system. Discussion of data requirements includes availability and accuracy, while examination of solution technique considers limitation of time, computer capacity, etc., as well as the possibility of imbedding available algorithms into the solution procedure. Conclusions are presented relative to the use of the case study approach in sequencing/scheduling research. 相似文献
8.
CAROLINE PLÜSS 《全球网;跨国事务杂志》2011,11(1):82-96
This article is an analysis of the attempts of Baghdadi Jewish traders in Hong Kong in the second half of the nineteenth century to construct and convert cultural, social and economic capital within and between the transregional networks of the Baghdadi diaspora, the Jewish diaspora and the British colonial elite. The analysis of the multiple and multi‐directional intersections between the cultural, social and economic characteristics of the three networks shows that Baghdadi social capital accounted for significant ruptures and disjunctures between the increasing cosmopolitanization, deterritorialization and hybridization of the Baghdadi traders' cultural identities and the definition of Baghdadi cultural capital. An understanding of the role of Baghdadi social capital in accounting for the construction and convertibility of cultural, social and economic capital among these three transregional networks helps to explain the reproduction of social inequalities under increasing conditions of globalization, that is, under conditions that potentially augmented the number of sources defining cultural capital. 相似文献
9.
Vangie A. Foshee Thad Benefield Chirayath Suchindran Susan T. Ennett Karl E. Bauman Katherine J. Karriker‐Jaffe Heathe Luz McNaughton Reyes Jasmine Mathias 《Journal of research on adolescence》2009,19(3):380-400
This study determined the shape of trajectories from ages 13 to 19 of 4 types of dating abuse perpetration and examined whether the demographic characteristics of sex, minority status, socioeconomic status, and family structure systematically explained variation in the trajectories. The data are from 5 waves of data collected from 973 adolescents participating in the control group of a randomized trial. The mean trajectory for psychological dating abuse was positive linear, but the mean trajectories were curvilinear for moderate physical, severe physical, and sexual dating abuse. At all ages, boys reported more severe physical and sexual dating abuse than girls, minorities reported more moderate and severe physical dating abuse than Whites, adolescents in single‐parent households reported more psychological and severe physical dating abuse than those in 2‐parent‐households, and parental education was negatively associated with psychological and moderate physical dating abuse perpetration. The findings have implications for future research and for practice. 相似文献
10.
Melanie?R.?WassermanEmail author Deborah?E.?Bender William?D.?Kalsbeek Chirayath?M.?Suchindran Ted?Mouw 《Population research and policy review》2005,24(6):647-671
The U.S. is experiencing its highest immigration rate since the 1930s. The largest proportion of immigrants comes from Latin
America, and women constitute a large and growing fraction of this group. Although our knowledge of the relationship between
migration and women’s health is increasing, research in this area is still needed, particularly in areas experiencing rapid
changes in their Latino populations. Yet research is impeded by the absence of an adequate sampling frame: Latina immigrants
remain a largely hidden population. This study tests in four North Carolina counties a church-based sampling frame for Latina
immigrant women in their reproductive years. In the study area, on an average week, 20% of the Spanish-speaking population
attends church (two-thirds are Catholic). Compared against Census data for the study area, the study sample (n = 706) provided
a comparable representation of different national origins. New entrants to the U.S. and married women were overrepresented
in the church-based sample. The young (under age 30), and women at the lowest and highest extremes of educational attainment
were underrepresented in churches. While a church-based sample is not entirely comparable to the Census, churches can provide
timely and cost-effective access to a rapidly changing population of new immigrants. Church-based research should be complemented
with research in other settings, adjusting sampling weights for overlap between sampling frames. 相似文献