Spatial Variations in Church Burnings: The Social Ecology of Victimized Communities in the South*

Abstract In recent years, church burnings in the South have attracted a great deal of attention. Many commentators have charged that they are a product of strained race relations throughout the South, and particularly of severe racial tensions in Southern rural areas. In this study we evaluate these claims. We begin by mapping the spatial coordinates of recorded church burnings from 1990 to 1997, and find that church arsons indeed are concentrated in the South. Church burnings, however, are a more urban phenomenon than popular media accounts would suggest. Our analysis then explores the influence of contextual factors (population and locale, racial composition and inequality, so‐cioeconomic conditions, local religious ecology, and patterns of reported crime) on church burnings in counties located in the study region. Logistic regression models confirm that church arsons are most likely to occur in small metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) and non‐MSA counties containing a city of at least 10,000 residents. Church burnings also are especially likely in counties with a higher percentage of black residents, a larger number of churches relative to the rest of the state, and a higher arson rate. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for future research and public policy.     

建设有中国特色步行商业街

本文简要分析了西方步行商业街发展历程及我国步行商业街建设中面临的问题 ,提出中国在步行商业街建设中应借鉴西方现代步行商业街的发展经验 ,探索建设有中国特色步行商业街之路     

Estimating household structure in ancient China by using historical data: a latent class analysis of partially missing patterns

Summary.  Social data often contain missing information. The problem is inevitably severe when analysing historical data. Conventionally, researchers analyse complete records only. Listwise deletion not only reduces the effective sample size but also may result in biased estimation, depending on the missingness mechanism. We analyse household types by using population registers from ancient China (618–907 AD) by comparing a simple classification, a latent class model of the complete data and a latent class model of the complete and partially missing data assuming four types of ignorable and non-ignorable missingness mechanisms. The findings show that either a frequency classification or a latent class analysis using the complete records only yielded biased estimates and incorrect conclusions in the presence of partially missing data of a non-ignorable mechanism. Although simply assuming ignorable or non-ignorable missing data produced consistently similarly higher estimates of the proportion of complex households, a specification of the relationship between the latent variable and the degree of missingness by a row effect uniform association model helped to capture the missingness mechanism better and improved the model fit.     

加强实验室建设与管理 适应创新人才培养需要

高校实验室在培养具有创新精神和实践能力的高素质专门人才方面,正越来越发挥着重要的和不可替代的作用.本文结合高校实际,从管理体制、管理规范、队伍建设、实验教学改革等方面对加强教学实验室建设与管理进行了有益的探索.     

语境对语义的作用探析

语境是语义学中一个重要的范畴。以丰富的例句从以下四个方面:使语言中的多义和歧义现象获得明确的单一性;影响语义的感情色彩;语义的语体色彩及填补或丰富语言本身的意义探讨了语境对语义的作用,旨在唤起读者学会在不同的语境中择取语义的自觉意识。     

李贺和比喻

李贺的比喻和一般比喻差别很大,他经常颠倒喻词和被喻词之间的关系,给人带来震撼。这种比喻方法,不仅表现了李贺心中万物平等的思想,也展现了迥异现实的另一世界的景象。     

连续时延神经网络的Hopf分岔现象研究

讨论了带连续时延神经网络的Hopf分岔现象。对于强核和弱核的情况,利用平均时延作为分岔参数,证明了模型经历了Hopf分岔过程。在带弱核的神经网络模型中,得到了分岔周期解稳定性准则。给出了一些数值例子,通过计算机仿真验证了所得结论的正确性。     

历史演义小说:中国小说家的一大发明

世界诸国均无历史演义小说这一品种 ,只有中国才有历史演义小说。中国的正史 ,历来就有神话、传说、虚构的成份 ,以史为本 ,并敷演其大义 ,达到以史为鉴 ,教育和娱乐民众的目的 ,于是乃有历史演义小说的出现 ,历史演义小说经历了衍变过程。中国历史演义小说 ,具有其鲜明艺术特点。     

论吸毒的心理演变及其矫治对策

吸毒人员一般都要经历一个从好奇、追求刺激、寻求解脱等尝试吸毒 ,到养成吸毒习惯 ,再到依赖毒品的心理演变过程。根据吸毒的心理演变规律 ,运用心理矫治技术 ,采取恰当的矫治措施 ,可以彻底消除吸毒人员对毒品的心理依赖 ,完全戒掉毒瘾。为此 ,在简要分析了吸毒的严重危害性和心理演变过程的基础上 ,着重探讨了对心瘾的矫治对策     

谈古代散文的语言艺术

本文从长于说理、富于哲理 ;以简驭繁、言简意赅 ;清朴自然、情真意切 ;音韵和谐 ,语调铿锵四个方面探讨了古代散文的语言艺术