ON THE EXCESS CAPACITY CONTROVERSY

This paper critically reviews and resolves some controversies on the so-called "excess capacity" theorem that allegedly are deducible from the theory of monopolistic competition. The fundamental model initially focuses attention on the main sources of confusion, which are shown to relate to certain terminological ambiguities. The conditions under which an unambiguously defined excess capacity can be set forth are discussed herein. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, the paper goes beyond critiques and proposes a dynamic adjustment mechanism which would establish the properties of a full equilibrium under conditions of productive efficiency for the otherwise static framework of monopolistic competition.     

Lot scheduling problems of multiple items in the shop with both receiving and delivery just in time

Abstract. This paper deals with lot scheduling problems of multiple items processed in the shop with either a single machine or heterogeneous machines, under the condition that parts to be processed must arrive at the production line at the right times in the right quantities, and that completed parts must be delivered at their due date. Each of the problems is divided into subproblems of lot sizing and scheduling the resulting lots. Solution procedures solving the subproblems are separately optimal. However, since one of the subproblems is not independent of the other, the proposed algorithms adopting these procedures are to be considered heuristic. An iterative procedure is provided to improve solutions. The performance measure used is that of minimizing the total actual flow time considering both receiving just in time and delivery just in time. Numerical examples are presented to show the implementation of the algorithms.     

日常授课中国际理解教育的理念和方法

随着全球一体化进程的推进、国际交流的日益频繁，国际理解教育的重要意义越发明显。国际理解教育要从孩子们抓起，要把国际理解教育的基本理念，贯穿到小学教育的授课内容中。校内同学之间、师生之间，不同社区之间的相互理解，是国际理解的基础。国际理解教育要注意培养孩子们学会考虑、理解和尊重其他种族、民族成员的立场、情感和文化的思维方式。     

随机CGE模型研究述评

作为一种有效的政策分析工具,CGE模型已广泛应用于贸易、财税、收入分配、能源与环境等研究领域,但其在均衡结构、函数形式和参数确定等方面的强假设严重制约了模型的分析效力。因此,研究者试图引入随机性来解决上述问题。本文对随机CGE模型研究进行了综述,主要观点:第一,从作用上看,随机CGE模型可以解决目前CGE模型面临的均衡结构僵化、函数形式任意、参数设定单一性等三个问题;第二,从内容上看,随机CGE模型研究主要包括模型自由参数、方程和数据的随机性研究;第三,从研究层次看,随机CGE模型的理论研究者需要完善和统一研究内涵,并进一步拓展研究外延;应用研究者需要加强对模型的稳健性检验,从而提高结果的可信度;政策制定者需要科学的看待和采纳模型的模拟结果。     

The optimal operation planning of a Kanban system with variable lead times

In the majority of the previous research on Kanban systems delivery lead time is treated as a fixed value. In many practical situations, however, the lead time is variable. In this paper, optimal operation planning of a fixed interval withdrawal Kanban with variable lead times is proposed. A cost is incurred for inventory level less than the safety inventory level, since the risk of shortage of inventory must be considered. Behaviour of the optimal number of Kanbans and the withdrawal interval of Kanbans are investigated in terms of various parameters such as standard deviation and mean lead time.