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文章借用第二手数据,并应用道格拉斯生产函数,通过研究西藏封建农奴制后期的生产率,没有大道理,没有典型个案,用经济学最基本的理论说明当时的制度确实阻碍了生产力的发展,其土崩瓦解有合理性。一位学者用此方法说明民主改革这样重大政治举措的合理性,值得借鉴。 相似文献
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Aki Nakayama Tomomi Isono Takuro Kikuchi Iichiro Ohnishi Junichiro Igarashi Minoru Yoneda Shinsuke Morisawa 《Risk analysis》2009,29(3):380-392
We estimated benzene risk using a novel framework of risk assessment that employed the measurement of radiation dose equivalents to benzene metabolites and a PBPK model. The highest risks for 1 μg/m3 and 3.2 mg/m3 life time exposure of benzene estimated with a linear regression were 5.4 × 10−7 and 1.3 × 10−3 , respectively. Even though these estimates were based on in vitro chromosome aberration test data, they were about one-sixth to one-fourteenth that from other studies and represent a fairly good estimate by using radiation equivalent coefficient as an "internal standard." 相似文献
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Takemi Yanagimoto Toshio Ohnishi 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》2011,141(5):1990-2000
Saddlepoint conditions on a predictor are introduced and developed to reconfirm the need for the assumption of a prior distribution in constructing a useful inferential procedure. A condition yields that the predictor induced from the maximum likelihood estimator is the worst under a loss, while the predictor induced from a suitable posterior mean is the best. This result indicates the promising role of Bayesian criteria, such as the deviance information criterion (DIC). As an implication, we critique the conventional empirical Bayes method because of its partial assumption of a prior distribution. 相似文献
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Theorems 5, 6 and 10, and Tables 1–2 in Ghosh (1981) are corrected. These are concerned with search designs which permit the estimation of the general mean and main effects, and allow the search and estimation of one possibly unknown nonzero effect among the two- and three-factor interactions in 2m factorial experiments. Some new results are presented. 相似文献
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We consider a search design for the 2m type such that at most knonnegative effects can be searched among (l+1)-factor interactions and estimated along with the effects up to l- factor interactions, provided (l+1)-factor and higher order interactions are negligible except for the k effects. We investigate some properties of a search design which is yielded by a balanced 2m design of resolution 2l+1 derived from a balanced array of strength 2(l+1). A necessary and sufficient condition for the balanced design of resolution 2l+1 to be a search design for k=1 is given. Optimal search designs for k=1 in the class of the balanced 2m designs of resolution V (l=2), with respect to the AD-optimality criterion given by Srivastava (1977), with N assemblies are also presented, where the range of (m,N) is (m=6; 28≤N≤41), (m=7; 35≤N≤63) and (m=8; 44≤N≤74). 相似文献
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