College Students' Money Beliefs and Behaviors: An Asian Perspective

The multidimensionality of money was investigated, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The respondents, 290 college students from Korea, Japan, and the United States, were administered a survey, which included socio-demographic questions, and Furnham's (1984) Money Beliefs and Behaviors (MBBS) Scale. Through a series of principal components analyses, a three-factor model with 10 MBBS items was identified. The three factors, Power, Security, and Financial Modesty accounted for 53.6% of the variance. The findings have implications for college students and financial management practitioners.     

Life domain statisfactions and personal social integration

Data from a sample of northwestern Wisconsin residents were analyzed to identify the contribution of specific life domain satisfactions to the prediction of satisfaction with social integration. The results show the dominant impact of family satisfaction across the sample and its sub-populations of age, sex and income. The contribution of satisfactions with spare time activities and organizational involvement is also fairly uniform over the various groups. The impact of satisfactions with work, spiritual life and the remaining domains, on the other hand, is highly selective for different subpopulations. The results support the hypothesis of greater family and community centeredness among the lower income individuals and the elderly, and of the greater impact of organizational involvement, spare time activities and national affairs on the high income individuals. The differential impact of some of the resource and consumption domains across the subpopulations underlines the prominence of alternate consumption orientations and different resource instrumentalities for attaining the feelings of social integration.     

Chain ratio and regression type estimators for median estimation in survey sampling

In this paper, we consider chain ratio and regression type estimators for estimating median in survey sampling. We find expressions for the variance of the chain-ratio and chain-regression type estimators considered in the present investigation. The optimum values of the first phase and second phase sample sizes are also obtained for the fixed cost of survey. The relative efficiency of chain-ratio and chain-regression type estimators have been studied in comparison to ratio and regression type estimators of median proposed by Singh, Joarder and Tracy (2001).     

A Class of Estimators of Population Variance Using Auxiliary Information in Sample Surveys

This article advocates the problem of estimating the population variance of the study variable using information on certain known parameters of an auxiliary variable. A class of estimators for population variance using information on an auxiliary variable has been defined. In addition to many estimators, usual unbiased estimator, Isaki's (1983), Upadhyaya and Singh's (1999), and Kadilar and Cingi's (2006) estimators are shown as members of the proposed class of estimators. Asymptotic expressions for bias and mean square error of the proposed class of estimators have been obtained. An empirical study has been carried out to judge the performance of the various estimators of population variance generated from the proposed class of estimators over usual unbiased estimator, Isaki's (1983), Upadhyaya and Singh's (1999) and Kadilar and Cingi's (2006) estimators.     

Finding the majority-rule equilibrium under lexicographic comparison of candidates

This paper considers the well studied problem of the existence of an undominated point, under the assumption of lexicographic preferences of voters, as espoused by Taylor in [24]. We extend Taylor's model to situations were we allow for (i) voters to have different ranings of the issues in n-dimensional issue space and (ii) a candidate to be disregarded by a voter if his stand on any one or more of the issues involved in the election is perceived to be too extreme by the voter and (iii) combinations of (i) and (ii). We extend the results of Taylor by demonstrating the non-existence of an equilibrium point in these models in general and then showing that under special circumstances, specialized variants of the “median” point(s) represent equilibrium or undominated points in these models too. Thus a model of voting behavior results that is closer approximation of reality in that historically incumbents tend to win. The primary conclusion of the paper is to suggest that incumbents tend to have an advantage when the election process is characterized by a large presence of special interests or as information becomes more expensive to acquire. Received: 13 February 1996 / Accepted: 27 March 1997     

Making visits better: the perspectives of parents,foster parents,and child welfare workers

Mothers of children recently placed in foster care, foster mothers, and child welfare workers participated in semistructured, clinical interviews focusing on the challenges of parent visitation with young children. Mothers described their feelings of grief, trauma, and rage about the forced separation from their children and stressed the importance of emotional expression and communication during visits. Child welfare workers described the complexities of supporting emotionally close parent-child interactions while monitoring and assessing parental behavior during visits. Foster mothers described the importance of preparing children for visits and the difficulties of supporting the children afterward. Implications of understanding mothers', foster mothers', and child welfare workers' perspectives on enhancing the quality of visits with young children are discussed.     

Isotonic estimation of the intensity of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process: The multiple realization setup

In the 1950s Brunk and Van Eeden each obtained maximum-likelihood estimators of a finite product of probability density functions under partial or complete ordering of their parameters. Their results play an important role in the general theory of inference under order restrictions and lead to an isotonic estimator of the intensity of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Here an elementary derivation of the maximum likelihood estimator (m.l.e.) for the intensity of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process is given when several (possibly censored) realizations are available. Boswell obtained the m.l.e. based on a single realization as well as a conditional m.l.e. under the same conditions. An example is given to show that in the multirealization setup a conditional m.l.e. may not exist; the proofs are, we believe, new and elementary. An illustrative application is given.