Coalitions of Actors and Managerial Innovations in the Healthcare and Social Healthcare Sector

This paper studies the behavior of a variety of stakeholders around the adoption of managerial innovations desired by operational managers of health services institutions. We show that if the operational manager may cause the managerial innovation, the tool prospective is subject to power games around coalitions of actors. The study of several management situations in health services institutions enables us, using the game theory, to highlight the “winning”, “losing” and “uncertain” coalitions that can achieve operational management within the establishment to settle a managerial innovation.     

“生态哲学”:野性的力量

现代性由一些理性的概念酝酿形成.这些概念被法兰克福学派的哲学家们称之为“工具理性”,它们给功利主义以特殊待遇,将所有人的参数,如喜悦、游戏、梦想等,也就是通常意义上的“好的状况”束之高阁.这导致了世界的“荒芜”,完成了对生态的掠夺.一种极性的反向变化正在人们的思想中进行.这是被社会学家们(例如索罗金)称之为文化“饱和”的现象.这也引起了理性的另一种应用:“感性理智”.也就是说,迫使我们承认“人类动物”有着一部分动物性的东西:本能、激情、感情等等.由此,人们能够到达一种“生态哲学”;也就是说,智慧与“部屋(希腊语为“oikos”)”相关联.这就是被埃德加·莫兰称作应当重新予以重视的“土地一母亲”.也就是我所讲的“积极寻根”.     

Uses of Management Control Tools in the Public Healthcare Sector

This study focuses on identifying the specific uses of management control tools in public organizations. This research is based on interviews with managers from 43 organizations in the healthcare sector. Data was analyzed and interpreted through the methodology proposed by Gioia et al. Organizational research methods, 16(1), 15-31, (2013). The different uses specified by managers of these organizations were compared with Henri’s work Accounting, organizations and society, 31(1), 77-103, (2006). Findings show matching elements, as well as differences in public sector specificities. This study ends with a discussion about the non-use of existing tools, the multi-uses of tools and the observable dichotomy between political and management uses.

     

Are Geographical Indications a Valid Property Right? Global Trends and Challenges

This article explores what is at stake in the international conflict on geographical indications (GIs), particularly for developing countries. It first examines how the WTO panel has obliged the European Union to open its registration system to third countries and how the ongoing negotiations on GIs seem to be reaching stalemate. Initiatives showing how GIs are a key political and trade issue are identified in Turkey, India, China, Colombia and Ethiopia. Trade negotiation agendas have to handle this new balance of power, in which the reputation accompanying a good may become common.     

Psychosocial risks: acting upon the organisation by ergonomic intervention

In this paper we discuss the possibilities of acting on psychosocial risk (PSR) factors by modifying the way in which an organisation operates. On the basis of an ergonomic intervention in an insurance company, we were able to show that the health problems observed by the operators were mainly the result of their inability to produce work of quality. Next, our analyses revealed the links between poor perceived quality, production difficulties and the rigidity of the organisational structure. After setting up working groups to deal with production difficulties, we were able to identify and test an organisational form that was better adapted to managing day-to-day production constraints and which was ultimately better able to be attentive to individual difficulties which had given rise, in the long term, to intrapsychic conflicts.     

Biomass and biodiversity of nocturnal aerial insects in an Adelaide City park and implications for bats (Microchiroptera)

Temporal variation of insect communities in urban environments is poorly known and mechanisms driving these changes are unclear, as are the implications for insectivorous predators. We examined the relationships between season and nocturnal aerial insect biomass and biodiversity, and between temperature and insect biomass in the Adelaide zoological gardens from December 2005 to September 2006. We also compared the effectiveness of two insect trap types and used a bat detector to assess bat activity in relation to insect biomass. During the study, 9,939 insects from 13 orders were collected at the Adelaide zoo with a Malaise trap and a light trap. Mass and diversity of insects were highest during warm months, as was bat activity, and bat activity was positively correlated with insect biomass. Winter-active insects consisted predominantly of Diptera and Lepidoptera, which may provide an important winter food resource for insectivorous bats. The Malaise trap attracted fewer insect orders and biomass than did the light trap, and insects congregated within 6 m of artificial lights, so bats that forage at lights may have an advantage in urban areas. A strong need for the inclusion of urban insects to biodiversity inventories exists in the context of bat conservation.