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Ohne Zusammenfassung
Rede zum 100. Geburtstag auf einer Veranstaltung der Stadt K?ln, der René-K?nig-Gesellschaft und des Westdeutschen Rundfunks
K?ln am 11. Mai 2006 in K?ln 相似文献
3.
The Web proxy location problem in general networks is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, we study the problem in networks showing a general tree of rings topology. We improve the results of the tree case in literature and get an exact algorithm with time complexity O(nhk), where n is the number of nodes in the tree, h is the height of the tree (the server is in the root of the tree), and k is the number of web proxies to be placed in the net. For the case of networks with a general tree of rings topology we present an exact algorithm with O(kn
2) time complexity.This research has been supported by NSF of China (No. 10371028) and the Educational Department grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 20030622). 相似文献
4.
In urban areas, the inequitable distribution of transit systems and services has been shown to reproduce safety and environmental risks – potentially exacerbating preexisting inequities. Thus, how vulnerable populations access and utilize public transportation is of critical concern to urban scholars. This paper utilizes focus group data to explore how transit-dependent (particularly low-income) riders engage with the public transit system in Portland, Oregon. We illustrate specific ways in which transit-dependent riders experience marginalization and exclusion. We find that certain groups, particularly mothers with young children and those with disabilities are not well served by a public infrastructure oriented toward an ‘ideal rider’ who is an economically stable, able-bodied, white, male commuter. We conclude that a public infrastructure meant to serve all riders equitably, yet which fails to consider the unique experiences of marginalized transit users risks further amplifying existing social vulnerabilities and reinforcing gender, racial, and class inequalities. 相似文献
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Partial Order Theory has been recently more and more employed in applied science to overcome the intrinsic disadvantage hidden
in aggregation, if a multiple attribute system is available. Despite its numerous positive features, there are many practical
cases where the interpretation of the partial order can be rather troublesome. In these cases the analysis of underlying dimensions
could be useful to uncover particular data structures. The paper shows a way of addressing the problem with the help of an
actual case study, which deals with European opinions on services of general interest. In particular, a partial order of countries
is firstly provided and then a method to detect dimensions is discussed and applied. The analysis stems directly from the
Partially Order Set (poset) and Lattice theory with particular references to dimension theory and Formal Concept Analysis.
The study is eventually able to pinpoint role and relevance of different attributes characterizing EU countries which are
used to define the partial order.
相似文献
Rainer BrüggemannEmail: |
7.
The effectiveness of NATO conditionality for institutional reforms is highly controversial. Some papers argue that any effect
this conditionality might have had may be due to endogeneity effects, i.e. NATO may have picked the winners. We argue that
this is not the case. First, NATO-Mazedonia relations provide a case in point. Macedonia was granted entry into the Membership
Action Plan (MAP) in 1999 due to country’s strategic importance. Only after the Ohrid agreement, effective conditionality
set in and marked a switch in NATO strategy from security only towards institution building. Second, this is supported by
econometric evidence based on panel data. An event study reveals that entry into NATO’s accession process was mainly driven
by neighbourhood and good relations with the West. We conclude that empirical evidence clearly supports a stronger role of
NATO’s political agenda, i.e., low entry barriers but strict accession conditionality. 相似文献
8.
Prof. Dr. Karl Inderfurth Dr. Rainer Kleber 《Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft》2009,79(9):1019-1049
An important task in after sales service is the provision of spare parts for durables. Due to its nature and dependence on earlier sales, the demand for spare parts is inherently dynamic and uncertain requiring for high procurement flexibility. During the product life cycle, inventory management of spare parts is performed efficiently under use of flexibility provided by existing production facilities. This situation completely changes once the OEM ceases production of the parent product. A prime option of procuring spare parts for the End-of-production period is to place a final order for parts when regular production ends. Besides low unit production costs, this option does not contain any flexibility, yielding a high risk of obsolescence of stored parts, and at the same time a high risk of not being able to satisfy all demand during the service period. In order to increase flexibility further options like extra production at higher unit cost or remanufacturing of components taken from used products could be used. After introducing the problem and a basic quantitative model, we evaluate flexibility properties of strategies using different combinations of the above options. In doing so we distinguish between quantity, time, and stock related flexibility. In a comprehensive numerical study it is investigated to which extent flexibility properties of the different strategies can contribute to their economic profitability. 相似文献
9.
En route to the top. Requirements on candidates for top positionsThe assessment of candidates for positions as managing director or as an executive committee member by means of management diagnostics has been frowned upon by German companies for a long time. There has, however, been a clear change of opinion regarding this matter in the meantime. The authors have developed a model of requirements to assess the competencies and potential critical for success. Six areas of responsibility are differentiated between thereby: “Ability to cope with complexity” and “development of decidedness”, “Will to create” and “establishment of structures”, “Establishment of bonds” and “ability of self-management”, and are divided into three levels: the personal level, the co-operative level and the level of corporate culture respectively. 相似文献
10.
We analyse post-war Dutch migration to New Zealand. We document that history, reflect on analytical and econometric modelling and then combine a sample of Dutch migrants in New Zealand with a representative sample of Dutch in The Netherlands to estimate wage equations and the determinants of the migration decision. We use the results for ex post evaluation of the migration decision.Joop Hartog is Fellow of IZA (Bonn), CESifo (München), AIAS and Tinbergen Institute (Amsterdam). Work on this project was begun when Hartog was Erskine Visitor at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch New Zealand. Rainer Winkelmann is Fellow of CEPR and IZA (Bonn). This paper is produced as part of a CEPR research programme on European Migration from Economic Analysis to Policy Response, supported by a grant from the Commission of the European Communities under its Human Capital and Mobility Programme (no. ERBCHRXCT940515).It was presented at the European Society for Population Economics meetings in Bonn, June 2000. We gratefully acknowledge comments by Justin Lee Tobias, Jacques Poot, Ed Vytlacil, an anonymous referee and Paul Schultz. Responsible editor: T. Paul Schultz. 相似文献