《凉山彝族拼音文字方案》的学术史价值

20世纪50年代中国少数民族文字的创制和改革,有着特定的历史背景和现实诉求.凉山彝族拼音文字经历了艰苦创制,实验推行,再三修改,最后被终止使用这样的一个历时性发展过程,在彝族文字的发展长河中有着重要的学术史研究价值,尤其是对后来的四川省《彝文规范方案》的产生、使用和推广起着不可替代的作用.梳理这段学术史,从个案研究的角度重新检视少数民族拼音文字的创制、使用和推广中的经验和得失,对当下民族语言文字运用的政策制定和学术参与,当有其前鉴价值和现实意义.     

MINIMIZING TOTAL WEIGHTED COMPLETION TIME ON A SINGLE BATCH PROCESSING MACHINE

We study the problem of scheduling jobs on a single batch processing machine to minimize the total weighted completion time. A batch processing machine is one that can process a number of jobs simultaneously as a batch. The processing time of a batch is given by the processing time of the longest job in the batch. We present a branch and bound algorithm to obtain optimal solutions and develop lower bounds and dominance conditions. We also develop a number of heuristics and evaluate their performance through extensive computational experiments. Results show that two of the heuristics consistently generate high-quality solutions in modest CPU times.