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This paper constructs a short-run general equilibrium model for an LDC-type economy. Some key features are the possibility of excess capacity and the presence of quantitative restrictions on exports and imports. A rich variety of pricing possibilities for tradeable goods is allowed for, including “water in the tariff” as well as domestic prices exceeding world prices with binding import quotas.The model is used to analyze alternative responses to a foreign-exchange crisis. Import controls, devaluation and cuts in government expenditures are compared. We find that: i) import quotas can worsen the balance of trade, ii) rationing foreign exchange for noncompetitive imports is stagflationary, increasing prices even under excess capacity, iii) a devaluation has strong effects on income distribution, although output and employment expand, and iv) cuts in government spending are deflationary but the income distribution effects are neutral. 相似文献
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C. Delia Dvila Quintana Vanessa del Pino Gonzlez García Santiago Rodríguez Feijo Alejandro Rodríguez Caro 《Journal of Socio》2008,37(3):1119
Based on data from the Survey on Social Conditions in the Canary Islands of the Instituto Canario de Estadística, this study analyzes poverty in Canary households by island of residence, age, employment and the educational level of the main provider. In addition to accepted objective measures, we also estimate poverty using subjective methods, in which the poverty line is defined or obtained by the opinion of household members of their own level of poverty. 相似文献
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Santiago Budría 《Social indicators research》2011,102(3):409-437
This paper asks whether educational mismatches can account for the positive association between education and wage inequality
found in the data. We use two different data sources, the European Community Household Panel and the Portuguese Labour Force
Survey, and consider several types of mismatch, including overqualification, underqualification and skills mismatch. We test
our hypothesis using two different measurement methods, the ‘statistical’ and the ‘subjective’ approach. The results are robust
to the different choices and unambiguously show that the positive effect of education on wage inequality is not due to the
prevalence of educational mismatches in the labour market. 相似文献
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Santiago Garganta Leonardo Gasparini Mariana Marchionni Mariano Tappatá 《Population research and policy review》2017,36(1):1-24
In 2009 Argentina introduced a large poverty-alleviation program (AUH) that provides monthly cash transfers per child to households without workers in the formal sector. In this paper we study the potential unintended effect of this program on fertility. We apply a difference-in-difference strategy comparing the probability of having a new child among eligible and ineligible mothers both before and after the program inception. The intention to treat estimations suggest a significant positive impact on fertility in households with at least one child (around 2 percentage points), but no significant effect on childless households. Given the short time window since the implementation of the AUH, we are unable to identify whether this positive effect reflects changes in the timing of births or in the equilibrium number of children. 相似文献
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Theory and Decision - We explore how risk preferences affect pro-social behavior under uncertainty. We analyze a modified dictator game in which the dictator can, by reducing her own sure payoff,... 相似文献
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Kyle Hyndman Santiago Kraiselburd Noel Watson 《Production and Operations Management》2014,23(2):221-238
In this article, we study behavior in a series of two‐player supply chain game experiments. Each player simultaneously chooses a capacity before demand is realized, and sales are given by the minimum of realized demand and chosen capacities. We focus on the differences in behavior under fixed pairs and random rematching. Intuition suggests that long‐run relations should lead to more profitable outcomes. However, our results go against this intuition. While subjects' capacity choices are better aligned (i.e., closer together) under fixed pairs, average profits are more variable. Moreover, learning is slower under fixed pairs—so much so that over the last five periods, average profits are actually higher under random rematching. The underlying cause for this finding appears to be a “first‐impressions” bias, present only under fixed matching, in which the greater the misalignment in initial choices, the lower are average profits. 相似文献