An Exposure Assessment of Methyl Mercury via Fish Consumption for the Japanese Population

The objective of this article was to propose an exposure assessment model to describe the relationship between fish consumption and body methyl mercury (MeHg) levels in the Japanese population. Individual MeHg intake was estimated by the summation of species-specific fish consumption multiplied by species-specific fish MeHg levels. The distribution of fish consumed by individuals and the MeHg level in each fish species were assigned based on published data from Japanese government institutions. The probability of MeHg intake for a population was accomplished through a Monte Carlo simulation by the random sampling of fish consumption and species-specific MeHg levels. Internal body MeHg levels in blood and hair were estimated using a one-compartment model. Overall, the mean value of MeHg intake for the Japanese population was estimated to be 6.76 μg/day or 0.14 μg/kg body weight per day (bw/day), while the mean value for the hair mercury level was 2.02 μg/g. Compared with the survey data that tabulated hair mercury levels in a cross-section of the Japanese population, the simulation results matched the hair mercury survey data very well for women, but somewhat underestimated for men and all of the population. This exposure assessment model is a useful attempt at further risk assessment with respect to a risk-benefit analysis.     

蒙古语多方言语音识别及共享识别模型探索

通过语音输入方式准确识别蒙古语主要方言 ,并为其建立共享识别模型 ,对实现方言间的信息自动交换及语音识别技术的实用化具有实际意义。针对蒙古语多方言的语音特点 ,可以采取独立的或者共享识别模型进行识别。本文介绍的抽出初步模型和建立共享模型的方法 ,简便易行 ,但识别精度有待提高。文中探索了通过借用数据量和质较完备的语言的语音数据提高识别率的可能性。     

从选举论争看元祐时代的政治

元祐时代的政治形象,长期以来是在排斥新党、否定新法的研究思路中形成的.就对选举制度的论争看来,并未如其他新法那般明确地存在新法党与旧法党之间的对立.甚至,与其他新法如司马光的主张那样被废止不同,元祐诸臣围绕选举制度的“德行”、“经义”、“诗赋”、“法律”等多个方面提出了各自意见,讨论结果却是朝向与司马光理念并不相容的方向.这反映出宋代士大夫阔论“治国平天下”之姿的同时,其作为嗜好古典诗文的文人、读书人的气度.     

Fetal movement frequency and the effect of associated perinatal factors: Multicenter study

Background

Decreased fetal movements are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth. Delayed maternal visits to a health care provider after perceiving decreased fetal movements are frequently observed in stillbirths. Informing pregnant women of the normal range of fetal movement frequency is essential in their earlier visits in order to prevent stillbirth.

Excessively delayed maternal reaction after their perception of decreased fetal movements in stillbirths: Population-based study in Japan

Background

Fetal movement is the most common method to evaluate fetal well-being. Furthermore, maternal perception of decreased fetal movements is associated with perinatal demise. Previously, we showed that perception of decreased fetal movements was the most common reason for mothers visiting the outpatient department among those who had stillbirths in our region. Further investigation of stillbirths with decreased fetal movements is essential to find a possible way of preventing stillbirth.

朱子与仁斋

信夫清三郎认为中国在亚洲创建了特殊的国际秩序,以内"华"外"夷"的朝贡制度或宗藩体系构筑了"中国的世界秩序";17世纪后半叶的山鹿素行开始脱离中国中心主义转向日本中心主义,"华夷"观念获得日本中心主义的理论重构,然后18世纪兴起的是"国学"与"兰学".友枝龙太郎认为17世纪的徂徕学派之所以不尊孟子主要是由于孟子的汤武放伐论破坏了君臣关系的伦常秩序,这反映了日本尊君的政治结构及生活传统;在斥孟这一点上徂徕学派与司马光、李觏等近似,而先于徂徕的伊藤仁斋则比较接近於朱子.伊藤仁斋及其子孙的古义堂家学是日本罕有的学问世家,贝塚茂树根据仁斋所读书、所藏书的历史情况,考证认为仁斋年轻时未读到<朱子语类>而只读了节选性质的语录且所读程子书甚於朱子书,故程子兄弟於仁斋的学风影响要大於朱子.18世纪的太宰春台认为贝原损轩由信奉程朱到晚年质疑程朱,这是损轩的巨大进步与转折,但损轩只怀疑程朱学不合圣学但未知程朱学正是通过孟子之变异而发展过来;春台敬佩损轩的学识但他认为他自己排程朱、复孔学的努力是损轩所不可及的.     

A New Test on High-Dimensional Mean Vector Without Any Assumption on Population Covariance Matrix

In this paper, a new test for the equality of the mean vectors between a two groups with the same number of the observations in high-dimensional data. The existing tests for this problem require a strong condition on the population covariance matrix. The proposed test in this paper does not require such conditions for it. This test will be obtained in a general model, that is, the data need not be normally distributed.     

《宋代登科总录》与宋代科举政策变化研究

受宋代宗室政策影响,首批大规模登第宗子出现在南宋高宗朝绍兴年间,主要集中于太祖、太宗的第六、七代孙. 宗子登第的人数、甲第、举数逐渐上升,至南宋时形成专门从事举业的宗子族群,并出现三代连续登第的宗室科举家族. 由于应试人群的特殊性与科目开设的临时性,童子科登科者的资料并不集中,较为零散.《宋代登科总录》所收丰富全面的登科人传记资料与数据,使宋代童子科的开停频率、各朝人数变化、地域分布、登科者待遇、入仕情况变化等得以清晰呈现. 日本、美国及中国的宋代科举研究大致有四种取向:科举制度相关内容的研究,宋代社会史、文化史的研究,科举相关史料的研究,科举人物传记史料的研究.     

Positive-definite modification of a covariance matrix by minimizing the matrix $$\ell_{\infty}$$ ℓ ∞ norm with applications to portfolio optimization

AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis - The covariance matrix, which should be estimated from the data, plays an important role in many multivariate procedures, and its positive definiteness...     

A Faster Algorithm for Computing Minimum 5-Way and 6-Way Cuts in Graphs

For an edge-weighted graph G with n vertices and m edges, the minimum k-way cut problem is to find a partition of the vertex set into k non-empty subsets so that the weight sum of edges between different subsets is minimized. For this problem with k = 5 and 6, we present a deterministic algorithm that runs in O(n^{k – 1}F(n, m)) = O(mn^k log (n²/m)) time, where F(n, m) denotes the time bound required to solve the maximum flow problem in G. The bounds Õ(mn⁵) for k = 5 and Õ(mn⁶) for k = 6 improve the previous best randomized bounds Õ(n⁸) and Õ(n¹⁰), respectively.