构建现代远程开放教育考试体系初探

现代远程开放教育是基于以学习者为中心的开放学习和个别化学习。我们应从素质教育的培养目标出发 ,依据现代考试测量理论 ,利用现代科技手段 ,建立现代远程开放教育考试体系 ,客观、准确地评价学习者的进步状况以及在学识、能力等方面达到的水平 ,使学习者在学习过程中不断自我完善 ,培养他们积极进取的精神     

经络黑箱方法研究及意义

经络的特异实质结构至今尚未探明 ,但已初步研究掌握了经络现象的规律性。古代和现代对于经络的研究常有黑箱方法的一些最基本特征。现代系统科学的黑箱方法 ,不是直接考察经络的内部结构 ,而是利用外部观察和试验来考察经络系统的输入输出及其动态过程 ,研究经络的功能和特性 ,探索其结构和机理的科学方法。现代经络黑箱方法的研究 ,也为经络诊断和治疗提高了精确性和有效性 ,并为经络的实质结构研究奠定理论和技术基础     

人工智能技术创新扩散的特征、影响因素及政府作用研究——基于A股上市公司数据

基于中国A股上市公司年报文本数据,借助机器学习技术识别出人工智能上市公司名单,揭示了中国人工智能技术创新扩散的总体特征：(1)中国人工智能技术创新扩散在2016、2017年出现增长拐点;(2)中国人工智能技术应用存在头部效应,智能安防成为应用最热的行业。基于此总体特征,从微观视角分析了人工智能技术创新扩散的影响因素,并构造2015—2019年的面板数据研究,面板Probit模型的实证分析表明,企业规模对创新扩散的影响呈倒U型;企业研发能力未表现出显著影响;竞争性市场结构、政府补贴可以促进创新扩散。人工智能技术具有网络外部性,相关产业政策的正向作用机制在于降低技术转换成本、推动上市公司整体形成新的市场预期,使技术应用走向正反馈循环。当前,中国经济进入高质量发展阶段,人工智能相关政策有必要实现从产业政策为主向竞争政策为主的转变,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用。     

契约型农产品渠道中专有资产投入、人际信任与关系稳定

文章探讨了收购商与农户构成的契约型农产品渠道关系中,收购商与农户双方的专有资产投入对农户信任的影响,以及农户信任对关系稳定性的影响作用.实证研究发现,收购商专有资产投入会促进农户信任,而农户专有资产投入会强化上述关系;同时,农户信任会提升其续约意愿,降低其违约倾向.此外,政府支持会强化农户信任对其续约意愿的正向影响,但会削弱农户信任对其违约倾向的负向影响.研究结论拓展了传统渠道中专有资产投入对信任影响的适用范围,指出了双方锁定的渠道关系对信任的重要作用,为农产品渠道中契约稳定性的研究提供了新视角.研究还发现,政府支持对提高契约型农产品渠道关系稳定性具有重要作用,这对制定契约型农产品渠道的管理政策具有一定的启发意义.     

Facilitating Mental Health Service Use for Caregivers: Referral Strategies among Child Welfare Caseworkers

Unmet needs for mental health care are common among caregivers involved in the child welfare system. Although child welfare caseworkers are well positioned to identify service needs and refer caregivers to treatment, little is known about the types of referral strategies used in practice, or their effectiveness for promoting mental health service use. The current study examined child welfare caseworkers' use of different referral strategies and the extent to which these strategies are associated with caregivers' receipt of mental health services within a national sample of child welfare cases. Analyses of the second cohort of families from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being suggest that child welfare workers more often use informational strategies for referring caregivers, including suggesting treatment or providing information about treatment options. However, social referral strategies such as providing caregivers with direct assistance in completing applications and making and attending appointments were associated with a greater likelihood of caregivers receiving mental health services. Findings support evidence from other service contexts that service use is facilitated by caseworkers' direct support for arranging services. Implications for research and for child welfare managers and administrators are discussed.     

Development of an expert system for abnormal operating procedures in a main control room

The study was conducted from the perspective of human factors engineering in order to compare the process that operators originally used to diagnose potential and actual faults with a process that included an expert system for diagnosing faults. The results of the study indicated that the existence of an expert system for fault diagnosis makes the task of fault diagnosis easier and reduces errors by quickly suggesting likely Abnormal Operating Procedures (AOPs).     

健全党员能进能出机制问题研究

中国共产党的党员能进能出机制,是党在领导中国革命、建设和改革开放的历程中形成和建立起来的,是我们党健康发展的重要条件。《中国共产党发展党员工作细则》更是首次提出慎重均衡发展中共党员。但目前,一些地方的做法与当前党员队伍建设面临的新形势、新情况还存在不相适应的地方,仍然存在党员入口把关不严、党员教育流于形式、党员监督管理虚化弱化、不合格党员处置相对偏软等问题。为此,我们应当从严把入口、强化监管、畅通出口等方面着手,健全党员队伍的进出口机制,保持党的先进性和纯洁性,增强党组织的战斗力。     

控股股东掏空动机与多元化的盈余波动效应

多元化经营是公司关注的重大发展问题,因此,多元化经营的动机及其经济后果也成为学者们研究的重点话题。本文从我国上市公司的多元化经营与盈余波动性之间的关系入手对这一问题进行研究,具体分析了公司多元化经营的程度对盈余波动性的影响及控股股东的掏空动机对多元化盈余波动效应的作用。研究发现,我国上市公司的多元化经营显著降低了公司的盈余波动性,多元化程度越高,盈余的波动性越低;但由控股股东代理问题而形成的掏空动机损害了多元化的盈余波动效应。本文的研究为多元化的经济后果增添了新的文献,同时也为上市公司监管提供了参考依据。     

克里普克指称理论的语用学论证

克里普克在反驳指称描述论和正面论证指称因果论的过程中,实际上曾使用一个借用语用学事实的论证,即本文所说的"语用学论证".如果确有这样的论证,则需要讨论的问题是,这个论证无论在肯定或否定的方面是否是有效的.通过分析,这里的结论是,语用学论证在事实陈述上也许是客观的,但在论证的整体上,则要么是循环的,要么是无关的.因此,语用学论证用于支持直接指称论的某些特定版本,比如指称的因果论,很可能是无效的.     

Key success factors when implementing a green-manufacturing system

This study proposes a three-layer assessment model to evaluate the performance of a green-manufacturing system (GMS) and identify the key success factors of its real-world implementation. The top layer of the model includes three dimensions – green design, green-manufacturing process and green packaging. The second and third layers include ten strategic subjects and 74 assessment factors, respectively. The weights in each layer are collected via a questionnaire and calculated using the analytical network process (ANP). Based on the ANP, the five key success factors for implementing the GMS in a company are proportion of non-toxic materials, compliance with eco-ordinances, proportion of biodegradable materials, environmental pollution per product and extent of process pollution. The practicality of the proposed model is demonstrated by evaluating three companies that produce similar products and share similar business models. The proposed model provides a valuable reference for real-world implementation of the GMS.