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1.
Kajihara Kazumitsu Yamaura Yuichi Soga Masashi Furukawa Yasuto Morimoto Junko Nakamura Futoshi 《Urban Ecosystems》2016,19(1):523-534
Urban Ecosystems - Biodiversity conservation and restoration in cities is a global challenge for the 21st century. Unlike other common ecosystems, urban landscapes are predominantly covered by... 相似文献
2.
Miles L. Patterson Yuichi Iizuka Mark E. Tubbs Jennifer Ansel Masao Tsutsumi Jackie Anson 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2007,31(3):155-166
This study examined the microinteractions of pedestrians in Japan and in the United States as they walked past a confederate.
Specifically, the effects of culture, condition (avoid, look-only, and look plus smile) and sex of confederate on glances,
smiles, nods, and greetings by passing pedestrians were examined in a field study on over 1000 participants. The hypotheses
of (1) lower responsiveness in Japanese pedestrians than in American pedestrians and (2) increased responsiveness as a function
of condition were supported in a series of log-linear analyses of pedestrian glances, smiles, nods, and greetings. Both of
these main effects were, however, qualified by Culture X Condition interactions on smiles, nods, and greetings, with the large
condition effects present in the American pedestrians, but absent in the Japanese pedestrians. The results are discussed in
terms of the functions of glances, smiles, nods, and greetings in these brief encounters and how differing cultural norms
affect Japanese and American responsiveness. Finally, the limitations of this study and the broader utility of this research
paradigm are discussed.
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Miles L. PattersonEmail: |
3.
Aya Kitamura 《International Journal of Japanese Sociology》2016,25(1):54-68
Care work, once a sanctioned labor of love, is increasingly commodified in transnational contexts. The picture of migrant women shouldering the housework and child care of local professonal women may seem like a mutually beneficial arrangement—matching the “needs” of the haves and have-nots—, but the global care chain ultimately works to maintain the traditional gendered division of labor as well as global inequality. To this trend of globalization of care work, Japan has been an exception; however, how much longer it will be so is now in a question, as the government paves the way for importing domestic labor from abroad. This article focuses on Japanese expat wives in Hong Kong in order to locate Japanese women vis-à-vis the global care chain. The narrative analysis on how they decide whether to hire a domestic worker in their home away from home highlights the sociopolitical nature of their supposedly private choices. Some drew on cultural ideal of wifehood and motherhood to rationalize their choice while others referred to racialized or even overtly racist and classist images of foreign domestic workers. A few women spoke against the system itself, showing awareness of its inherent social injustice. All such narratives are never purely personal; their decisions and the rationalization behind them sustain the prevailing discourses of gender, race, ethnicity, culture, and class, which, in turn, envelop their attempts at global householding. 相似文献
4.
Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton Ozlem N. Ayduk Yuichi Shoda & Walter Mischel 《The Journal of social issues》1997,53(3):563-581
Reactions to the O. J. Simpson verdict were analyzed using the Cognitive-Affective Processing System (CAPS) model. Content analyses of participants' open-ended reactions to the verdict revealed that differences in the accessibility of cognitive-affective units and their subsequent activation pathways characterized respondents' reactions, but participants' race appeared to have no direct effect. The results were used to construct cognitive-affective domain maps that underlay elated, dismayed, and ambivalent reactions. By promoting a deeper understanding and appreciation of reactions to the verdict, we believe the domain maps facilitate overcoming the widespread tendency to attribute the cause of divergent reactions to an individual's race. The results have implications for the understanding of cultural differences. 相似文献
5.
This study investigated pitch and communicative intent in mothers' infant‐directed speech spoken to their infants at birth, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Audio recordings of mothers (6 with female, and 6 with male infants) talking to another adult and to their infant at 5 ages were low‐pass filtered and rated by 60 adults on 5 scales (Positive or Negative Affect, Express Affection, Encourage Attention, Comfort or Soothe, and Direct Behavior). Mean fundamental frequency (F0) and pitch range of utterances were also measured. Utterances associated with positive affect tend to peak at 6 and 12 months, whereas more directive utterances peaked at 9 months. Mean F0 followed the age trend for affective utterances, and pitch range followed the trend for directive utterances. The results suggest mother speech patterns reflect, complement, and perhaps facilitate infant development. 相似文献
6.
Angus C. Chu Haichao Fan Yuichi Furukawa Zonglai Kou Xueyue Liu 《Economic inquiry》2021,59(1):441-458
This study explores the heterogeneous effects of minimum wage on innovation of different types of firms. We develop an open‐economy R&D‐based growth model and obtain the following result: raising the minimum wage reduces innovation of firms that use domestic inputs but increases innovation of firms that import foreign inputs. We test this result using city‐level data on minimum wages and firm‐level patent data in China. In accordance with our theory, we find that raising the minimum wage is associated with more innovation by importing firms and less by non‐importing firms. This result survives a battery of robustness checks. (JEL E24, F43, O31) 相似文献
7.
Satoshi Kitamura 《Information, Communication & Society》2016,19(11):1556-1571
The Internet, a global computer network enabling people to send and receive information anywhere in the world, also functions as a local medium of communication. This study focuses on the role of the Internet in transmitting local news and examines the effects of community population concentrations as socio-ecological environments on the use of local news media consumed online and offline. Data from 1367 respondents across 156 Japanese communities were used to analyze the relationships between type of community and type of news source. The findings suggest that people who live in highly populated communities tend more often to use the Internet to access local news, whereas those in less populated communities tend to use more traditional mass media. However, the results of this study did not show a relationship between population concentrations within communities and the acquisition of international news, nor did the social features of residents adequately explain the effects of population concentration on the acquisition of local news. These results are consistent with theoretical predictions based on network externalities, urbanism, and collective action. The findings indicate that local news consumption is embedded in local social contexts in a way that international news is not, reinforcing the importance of urbanism in the information age. 相似文献
8.
Kemmawadee Preedalikit Ivy Liu Yuichi Hirose Nokuthaba Sibanda Daniel Fernández 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》2016,58(2):153-172
Medical research frequently focuses on the relationship between quality of life (QoL) and survival time of subjects. QoL may be one of the most important factors that could be used to predict survival, making it worth identifying factors that jointly affect survival and QoL. We propose a semiparametric joint model that consists of item response and survival components, where these two components are linked through latent variables. Several popular ordinal models are considered and compared in the item response component, while the Cox proportional hazards model is used in the survival component. We estimate the baseline hazard function and model parameters simultaneously, through a profile likelihood approach. We illustrate the method using an example from a clinical study. 相似文献
9.
Yuichi Kitamura Andres Santos Azeem M. Shaikh 《Econometrica : journal of the Econometric Society》2012,80(1):413-423
We show by example that empirical likelihood and other commonly used tests for moment restrictions are unable to control the (exponential) rate at which the probability of a Type I error tends to zero unless the possible distributions for the observed data are restricted appropriately. From this, it follows that for the optimality claim for empirical likelihood in Kitamura (2001) to hold, additional assumptions and qualifications are required. Under stronger assumptions than those in Kitamura (2001), we establish the following optimality result: (i) empirical likelihood controls the rate at which the probability of a Type I error tends to zero and (ii) among all procedures for which the probability of a Type I error tends to zero at least as fast, empirical likelihood maximizes the rate at which the probability of a Type II error tends to zero for most alternatives. This result further implies that empirical likelihood maximizes the rate at which the probability of a Type II error tends to zero for all alternatives among a class of tests that satisfy a weaker criterion for their Type I error probabilities. 相似文献
10.