Fire and restoration of the largest urban forest of the world in Rio de Janeiro City,Brazil

National Park of Tijuca in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) is about 3,300 ha and considered the largest urban forest in the world. Its floristic composition is typical of Atlantic Rain Forest. The reserve is being altered because of fire occurrences and urban expansion. This study identified locations and causes of forest fires, and makes management recommendations to restore damaged areas. From 1991 to 2000, forest firefighters recorded an average of 75-fire occurrences/year. Identified causes included hot air balloons (24%), intentional (24%), rubbish burning (21%) and religious practices (17%). Primary fuels included invasive grasses and ferns. Although hot air balloons destroyed larger areas of forest in each occurrence, a greater number of fires started in the invasive vegetation along roads that bisect the forest. In response to recurrent forests, invasive vegetation has spread gradually into the forest increasing forest degradation. To decrease fire damage, sites with high fire frequencies and density of invasive vegetation were planted with less flammable species. Results indicate that fire frequency decreased and density of invasive vegetation declined. This approach appears to prevent fire incidence, reduce the need for fire fighting, and preserve existing biodiversity.     

城市道路交通问题与对策探讨

从中国大城市交通堵塞现象着手,研究了机动车辆的增加与道路通行能力的关系,以及机动车迅速增长所带来的环境污染问题,分析了问题产生的原固及其危害程度,探讨改善城市交通的途径和解决的方案,提出适当限制个人轿车,积极发展轨道交通,规划建设中心网络城市的现点。     

技术工人在企业人力资本中的定位解析

人力资本是企业核心能力的载体 ,这一趋势已不容争辩 ,而技术工人似乎受到了冷落。鉴于此 ,笔者试图从技术工人在人力资本中的理论定位入手 ,找出建立技术工人定位的支撑体系 ,为整个人力资本的飞跃以及企业竞争力的整体提高构筑高位平台     

新形势下高校思想政治教育过程的行为分析

思想政治教育的过程是客体作用于主体，并通过主体不断内化的过程，其效果与教育者和被教育者的行为动机密切相关。本文以高校思想政治工作的教育者和被教育者为研究对象，通过分析他们在实施和接受思想教育过程中的行为动机，指出了当前思想政治教育工作在制度安排上存在的问题和不足，并初步提出了加强和改进思想政治工作的具体措施。     

再谈坚持解放思想,实事求是

解放思想,实事求是是邓小平理论的精髓.坚持解放思想、实事求是,必须端正学风,必须有高度负责精神,必须坚持"三个有利于"标准,必须坚持民主法制建设,必须在求实创新上下功夫.     

中国法律服务市场的规范化建设与律师事业的发展

本文对我国法律服务市场和律师事业发展的现状进行了分析 ,提出通过规范法律服务市场以促进律师事业发展的建议     

大学英语多媒体教育软件的设计原则

通过对认知学习理论及建构主义学习理论的分析 ,指出在教育软件的开发过程中 ,开发者应加强对教学理论和教学规律的研究 ;依据建构主义学习理论提出大学英语多媒体教育软件的设计原则 :即以学生为中心 ,强调“情境”、“协作学习”、“学习环境”及英语教学模式的设计 ,从而使语言学习、文化与文学更紧密地结合到一起 ,使学习者更好地学习和掌握英语     

When Being Different Is Detrimental: Solo Status and the Performance of Women and Racial Minorities

Individuals experience solo status when they are the only members of their social category (e.g., gender or race) present in an otherwise homogenous group. Field studies and surveys indicate that members of socially disadvantaged groups, such as women and racial minorities, have more negative experiences as solos than do members of privileged groups, such as Whites and males (Kanter, 1977; Niemann & Dovidio, 1998). In this article, we review research showing that the public performance of women and African-Americans is more debilitated by solo status than that of Whites and males. We also show that this effect is exacerbated when negative stereotypes about the performer's social group seem relevant to their performance, and we discuss the contributing roles of lowered performance expectancies and feelings of group representativeness. We discuss how findings from social psychological research can be applied towards the goal of reducing the decrements typically associated with being the only member, or one of few members, of one's race and/or gender in the environment.