Generation,Displacement, and Deservedness among Karen Refugees in California

In this article, we draw on ethnographic interviews with sixteen Karen refugees living in San Diego, California to explore how experiences of exile, displacement, and resettlement differ along generational lines and complicate straightforward dichotomies between “involuntary refugees” and “economic migrants”. While older‐generation Karen experienced political violence and displacement first‐hand, younger‐generation Karen were born in refugee camps in Thailand and usually experienced violence and displacement through its impacts on extended families. Across both generations, Karen exerted agency in exile, displacement, and diaspora. The older generation used stays in refugee camps strategically as a means of economically supporting family members in Burma, while the younger generation view resettlement in the US as a way of achieving educational aspirations. This research points to the importance of generation as a dimension of refugee experience and to the problem of reinforcing victimhood within refugee communities rather than acknowledging refugee agency and resilience.     

人类肿瘤基因治疗的伦理问题

基因治疗特别是肿瘤的基因治疗方兴未艾,基因治疗在给肿瘤的治疗带来光明前景的同时,也产生了一些新的伦理问题.文章回顾了肿瘤基因治疗的历史,总结了现在存在的问题,并就肿瘤基因治疗应遵循的伦理原则等进行了探讨,相信只要对肿瘤基因治疗合理规范和正确引导,必将推动肿瘤学的发展,改善肿瘤的治疗效果.