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Of the biotic factors potentially affecting the foraging behavior of pit-building antlion larvae,Myrmeleon bore
Tjeder, we focussed on the density effects and examined experimentally influences of larval density on pit construction behavior,
spatial distribution and pit relocation rate. Moreover the mechanism of mutual interference among larvae was examined.
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| 1. | After releasing 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 third instar larvae ofM. bore at the center of each container (30×30×10 cm3) filled with sand, we measured number of pits, pit diameter and position of pit base. |
| 2. | More than 80% of antlion larvae at each density always constructed pits, and the rates of larvae that had not constructed pits rose in proportion to the density. Pit size was approximately constant independent of the density. |
| 3. | The density ofM. bore larvae clearly affected the residence time of the pits, i.e. more larvae frequently relocate pits with increasing larval density. |
| 4. | To analyze the spatial distribution pattern of the larvae in a container, nearest neighbor distance (NND) was measured. Comparison between the observed NND and the expected value for NND in random distribution obtained from computer simulation suggested that high larval density produced a uniform distribution owing to their mutual interference. |
| 5. | The result of an experiment to examine the mechanism of mutual interference among larvae showed that frequent dropping of sand into a pit tossed by neighbor antlion larvae causes a pit-relocation. |
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Summary Using a relationship between prey consumption and growth rate, field prey consumption of adults ofParatenodera angustipennis (S.) in a paddy field was estimated. Since a great number of grasshoppers (Oxya japonica) lived in the research area and the mantids had frequently eatenO. japonica, we presumed that they consumed onlyO. japonica. As a result, it was estimated that average prey consumptions for 6 days were 406 mg for the females and 23 mg for the males.
From the result of this estimation and the feeding rhythm of the mantids, it is concluded that each female captured one grasshopper
on average every a few days.
By comparing this actual feeding level ofP. angustipennis with those of other predacious arthropods, characteristics ofP. angustipennis as a predator were discussed. 相似文献
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