‘Rachel's not here’: Constructed dialogue in gossip

Sociolinguistic research has demonstrated that gossip is a co‐constructed phenomenon, which allows participants to establish solidarity and build alignments with each other, while evaluating an absent party. Gossip can also serve important social functions, such as helping to establish and reconfirm group norms and values. The present study provides a detailed analysis of an extended gossip episode that occurred within an institutional context: a study group interaction at a U.S. university. Our analysis shows how, in gossip, constructed dialogue both prompts and legitimizes pejorative evaluations towards an absent third party, and is actually the pivot around which group members negotiate values and norms in the process of arriving at a shared moral stance. Our analysis also demonstrates that alignment in gossip interactions is tenuous and must be continuously renewed.     

Predicting the Risk of Biological Invasions Using Environmental Similarity and Transport Network Connectedness

Understanding the risk of biological invasions associated with particular transport pathways and source regions is critical for implementing effective biosecurity management. This may require both a model for physical connectedness between regions, and a measure of environmental similarity, so as to quantify the potential for a species to be transported from a given region and to survive at a destination region. We present an analysis of integrated biosecurity risk into Australia, based on flights and shipping data from each global geopolitical region, and an adaptation of the “range bagging” method to determine environmental matching between regions. Here, we describe global patterns of environmental matching and highlight those regions with many physical connections. We classify patterns of global invasion risk (high to low) into Australian states and territories. We validate our analysis by comparison with global presence data for 844 phytophagous insect pest species, and produce a list of high‐risk species not previously known to be present in Australia. We determined that, of the insect pest species used for validation, the species most likely to be present in Australia were those also present in geopolitical regions with high transport connectivity to Australia, and those regions that were geographically close, and had similar environments.     

在位相空间中求解外力含时的受迫量子谐振子

运用广义线性量子变换理论 ,在位相空间中通过算子的代数运算求解外力含时的受迫谐振子 ,给出了演化算子、演化算子矩阵元和波函数的表示式 .     

Corporate Governance and Director Accountability: an Institutional Comparative Perspective*

This paper examines the role of boards of directors in light of institutional contingencies and recent best practice governance guidelines and regulation such as the United Kingdom Higgs Review and the United States Sarbanes‐Oxley Act 2002. Particular attention is paid to discussing the role of independent directors across countries, and the implications for corporate governance innovation. It concludes by posing questions about recent corporate governance transformations and providing suggestions for future research.     

统购统销:中国工业化资本积累的主要形式

在中国工业发展战略实施过程中 ,资本积累是重要的制约因素。统购统销是适应中国工业化发展战略的客观需要而产生的。寻找一个保证统购统销顺利实施的组织形式 ,是推动农业集体化运动不断加速的重要原因 ,最终产生了合作社和人民公社的组织形式。统购统销的实施 ,为我国工业化提供了大量的资金 ,为工业化做出了巨大贡献 ,是我国工业化资本积累的主要形式。     

A social identity model of prosocial behaviors within nonprofit organizations

This study draws on social identity theory, while developing and testing the Social Identification Model of Prosocial Behavior among voluntary participants in nonprofit organizations. This model posits relationships between organization identification, commitment, satisfaction, and prosocial behavior among nonprofit volunteers. Path analysis results indicate successful identification of the model. Specifically, when volunteers identified with their nonprofit, they had higher levels of prosocial behaviors, commitment, and satisfaction. This study provides several important extensions to social identity theory and nonprofit literatures while highlighting the need for further research examining motivations behind prosocial behaviors within nonprofits.     

《沧浪诗话》与明代格调论

南宋严羽的《沧浪诗话》在以下几个方面影响了明清时期的格调理论 :1 追求“自然浑成”的诗歌审美理想 ;2 注意辨识诗歌体制、风格特点 ;3 高度重视诗歌的方法、技巧 ;4 强调灵感的作用     

马克思主义哲学课改革刍议

马克思主义哲学课改革应立足于以下几个方面 :完整准确地理解马克思主义哲学体系 ;与中国传统文化相结合 ,并汲取现代西方文化的有益成果 ;关注科学的最新成就和当代社会的发展 ,使大学生能真正地理解马克思主义哲学的科学内涵。     

The potential of integrated modelling in conservation biology: A case study of the black‐footed albatross (Phoebastria nigripes)

Conservation biology aims at assessing the status of a population, based on information which is often incomplete. Integrated population modelling based on state‐space models appears to be a powerful and relevant way of combining into a single likelihood several types of information such as capture‐recapture data and population surveys. In this paper, the authors describe the principles of integrated population modelling and they evaluate its performance for conservation biology based on a case study, that of the black‐footed albatross, a northern Pacific albatross species suspected to be impacted by longline fishing