我国金融业实行混业经营的思考

实行金融混业经营是当今国际金融业发展的新潮流。而我国目前实行的依然是银行业、证券业、保险业分业经营、分业监管的金融体制。我国已经加入WTO ,国内金融业如何进一步深化金融体制改革 ,尽快和国际金融业接轨 ,推行混业经营就成为我国必然的选择 ,同时我国也具备了实行金融混业的一些有利条件。针对我国实行混业经营面临的问题 ,我国应重点选择好适合我国的混业经营模式 ,循序渐进地推行金融混业制度     

唐代边塞诗“绝域”意象的历史地理学考察

在唐代诗人笔下,“绝域”意象通常指漠北、西域、岭南、辽东等中央王朝统治中心的边远地带。作为唐代诗人以中原地理、经济、文化背景为参照体系观照并重构唐代边塞地理环境的必然产物,唐代边塞诗“绝域”意象,是唐代中原诗人在边塞环境感知与文化表达过程中被典型化的符号象征,指示着那些距离中央统治中心区悬远、经济落后、文化习俗与中原汉族文化明显不同的边疆地区,是一种超越了单纯地理景观与诗歌意象的精神文化符号,是唐代中原诗人对中原地区的认同感、归属感与对“塞”外的恐惧感、逃避感的代名词。     

主体功能区划背景下青藏高原生态脆弱区的保护与重建

青藏高原属于我国典型的生态环境脆弱地区.根据"十一五"规划纲要建设四大主体功能区的构想,高原限制开发区和禁止开发区的分布广泛,它们的主体功能都是提供生态功能区.该区域同时又是我国贫困人口的集中分布地区,面临着提供生态功能区与发展经济的双重压力.所以.该地区的保护和重建应采取包括广泛宣传青藏高原保护与重建的重要意义、大力发展资源优势产业、建立健全财政支持体制和生态补偿机制、适度进行生态移民以及创设土地发展权等措施.     

试论西南民族地区的生态文化与生态环境保护

西南地区是我国少数民族人口最多的聚居地区,聚居着藏族、壮族、彝族、苗族、羌族等30多个少数民族,具有丰富的各少数民族生态文化,具体表现为不尽相同的各种自然崇拜观念、禁忌观念以及生产生活方式、宗教信仰、风俗习惯等等。生态文化属于非正式的制度安排,能减少其他生态环境保护的制度安排的实施费用。传统的生态文化的变迁需要其他制度安排。     

丝绸之路河西走廊段赛神风俗的时空分布与文化意蕴

赛神作为常见的民间信仰与文化景观,广泛存在于丝绸之路沿线地区,其中尤以河西走廊地区最为典型,其实质是普通民众无力解决现实矛盾时所采取的心理调适行为。其崇拜神祗主要有田神、龙王、天王、祆神、朝那湫神等,皆与当地生产、生活密切相关。丝绸之路沿线地区独特的地理环境、地域文化与生产方式等,决定了赛神风俗浓厚的文化意蕴。     

西部民族地区生态文明建设问题探析

Ecological civilization is a mode of civilization which is constructed on the concept of multiple-wins, such as economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit, etc. It requires that a harmonious relationship between man and nature permeate various aspects of civilization, such as material civilization, spiritual civilization, and political civilization, forming an ecological mode for production, living, consumption, and other behaviors. The theories and practices of eco￣logical civilization both at home and abroad, as well as the strategic planning for the construction of ecological civilization in China, have constituted important theoretical and practical guidelines for the construction of ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas of China.
Constructing ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas has important theoretical and practical significance. Compared with the eastern part of China or the whole country, the level of e￣conomic and social development in the western eth￣nic areas still lags behind; energy consumption is generally high , and the number of national key ecologically functional areas is large. Furthermore, these areas face a daunting task for their environ￣mental protection and energy saving. In addition, the most concentrated areas of desertification in China are found in the western ethnic areas, espe￣cially Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Qing￣hai. Therefore, the construction of ecological civi￣lization in the western ethnic areas has an impor￣tant role for the sustainable development of the e￣conomy and society, ecological security, energy saving and emission reduction, and the prevention of land desertification.
Generally speaking, the western ethnic areas actively participate in the national demonstration areas of the construction of ecological civilization, and constantly improve the level of ecological civi￣lization construction. However, their overall level is low, and the differences between various prov￣inces are considerable. Although the western eth￣nic areas have rich forest resources, tourism re￣sources, etc. for the construction of ecological civ￣ilization, they still face many problems in the use of their ecological resources and the construction of ecological civilization.
As noted above, the western ethnic areas ac￣tively take part in the construction of the key na￣tional ecological civilization demonstration areas. At present, among the 55 ecological civilization demonstration areas of China, 22 are in the west￣ern ethnic areas. These demonstration areas are actively exploring the construction of ecological civilization by taking the property rights of natural resources, ecological compensation and cadres as￣sessment, etc. into consideration.
As just noted, although the level of the con￣struction of an ecological civilization in western ethnic areas has been improving, the overall level is still low. The overall level of ecological civiliza￣tion in western ethnic areas lags significantly be￣hind the nation or eastern regions. In addition, the levels of every province are quite different. For in￣stance, the level of Guangxi and Yunnan is rela￣tively high. Therefore, the construction of ecologi￣cal civilization must be adapted to the local condi￣tions of the provinces.
There are a large number of key forestry en￣terprises in the western ethnic areas, but the struc￣ture of the forestry industry is not equitable. For￣estry is an important force, and provides important content for the construction of ecological civiliza￣tion. On the one hand, there are a large number of key national forestry enterprises in the western eth￣nic areas, but their distribution is not balanced. At present, there are 295 key national forestry en￣terprises , among which 48 are found in the western ethnic areas and are included in the list. Among them, the advantage held by Guangxi and Yunnan’s forest resources are obvious, while those in Tibet, Ningxia and Qinghai are not so obvious. On the other hand, the forestry resources in the western ethnic areas are unevenly distributed, and the structure of the forestry industry is not equita￣ble;the proportion of the primary industry of for￣estry is too high, and the proportion of the second￣ary industry is relatively low. This means that the economic benefits of forestry resources are not fully transformed, something which has seriously affect￣ed the promotion of ecological civilization.
Tourism resources in the western ethnic areas are rich, but the contradiction between tourism de￣velopment and environmental protection is sharp. The tourism industry can effectively improve the level of ecological civilization construction. With rich tourism resources in the western ethnic areas, the tourism industry has become one of the impor￣tant regional pillar industries, especially in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. However, the conditions of tourism infrastructure and the tourism environment are still relatively backward in western ethnic areas. This is seen especially in the tourist foreign exchange income ratio which is not high. In addition, theunique tourism resources have not strongly attracted more overseas visitors; and, as just said, there are contradictions between regional tourism development and ecological environment protection, which are still very sharp.
The construction of an ecological civilization is a complicated social system project. The con￣struction of an ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas has just started, so we need to in￣tegrate the idea of ecological civilization throughout political, economic, cultural, and social construc￣tion. Furthermore, we need to promote the process of ecological civilization construction according to the local conditions by taking the central authorities’ construction plan of ecological civiliza￣tion as guidance; consider the economic develop￣ment level of each province; and the characteris￣tics of ecological protection and resource environ￣ment in ethnic areas.
First of all, we should change the concept of government at all levels and the entire society in western ethnic areas, and improve the system of ecological civilization construction. For this pur￣pose, we must:( i) strengthen the top-level de￣sign of the ecological civilization system; ( ii) im￣prove relevant systems, such as the development of the national land space; and ( iii ) improve envi￣ronmental protection and ecological compensation in the western ethnic areas and the whole country. Furthermore, through making use of both formal systems, such as political, economic and legal ones, and informal systems, such as ecological culture, we should jointly safeguard and promote the construction of ecological civilization. On the one hand, we must establish and improve various policies related to finance, tax, population and land to improve the level of ecological political civ￣ilization in the western ethnic areas from the level of central government to local administrations. On the other hand, the central government and local administrations in the western ethnic areas must enhance the awareness of the construction of eco￣logical civilization through various ways, including school education and the internet.
Secondly, we should vigorously develop the advantages of the ecological industry in western ethnic areas, such as ecological tourism, ecologi￣cal agriculture and other ecological industries. The construction of ecological civilization should strive to find a balance between ecological environment and stable economic growth. Therefore, according to the characteristics of their ecological environ￣ment, resources, climate and the capacity of the ecological carrying capacity, we should choose ec￣ological industries suitable for regional develop￣ment, such as ecological agriculture, ecological tourism;change the original model of industrial de￣velopment to an ecological mode of production, and improve the level of ecological civilization while protecting the environment.
Thirdly, we should speed up the development of secondary and tertiary industries of forestry in the western ethnic areas, and further optimize the structure of the forestry industry. For this purpose we must further increase forestry investment and construction;and improve the total output value of forestry through afforestation, returning farmland to forest, and coordinating the relationship between the economic forest and ecological forest. Moreo￣ver, we should actively participate in China’s forest food certification and forest certification program;improve the proportion of secondary and tertiary forestry industires; take the initiative to transform the advantage of forestry resources into economic advantages;and improve the level of civilization of the ecological environment.
Finally, it is necessary for the western ethnic areas to continue the practice of constructing an ec￣ological civilization. Though adjustment to local conditions, and actively exploring the practice of ecological civilization construction, we should gradually accumulate experience in the construc￣tion of ecological civilization for the western ethnic areas, and even the whole country. In particular, in Guizhou, Yunnan and Qinghai, we must active￣ly promote the process of regional ecological civili￣zation construction based on the scheme of their own ecological civilization demonstration area pro￣grams. In addition, the western ethnic areas should fully play an important role in informal in￣stitutions, such as national ecological culture.     

政府管理体制改革视角下民族地区经济发展方式转变

我国民族地区的经济发展方式大多属粗放型,其转变的关键在政府管理体制改革。从民族地区政府管理面临的现实困境看,既面临特殊的社会历史自然环境,又要完成中央政府的经济增长考核目标和其他重点任务,还要应付民族地区复杂的群体性事件等。推动民族地区经济发展方式的转型,必须加快中央和民族地区政府职能的转变,正确处理政府与市场关系,完善对民族地区政府的绩效考核,创新民族地区政府管理体制,积极推动民族自治地区政府管理体制的改革步伐。     

生态功能区建设中四川生态脆弱地区的发展机制研究

按照"十一五"规划纲要,四川限制开发区和禁止开发区的分布比较广泛,其主体功能是提供生态功能区,尤其是民族地区.所以,四川生态脆弱地区在建设生态功能区的过程中,应建立良好的发展机制来协调发展和保护的矛盾,包括促进发展的财政支持体制和生态补偿机制、适度发展资源优势产业和生态产业、适度进行生态移民以及相关评价指标和绩效考核体系的健全.     

大学生思想政治教育心理疏导新解析

大学生思想政治教育心理疏导在解决学生心理问题的同时把培养和激发学生的心理品质作为思想政治教育心理疏导的落脚点。在工作对象上做到心理疏导既面向全体学生也针对特殊的群体,在这个基础上,使学生形成良好的心理状态。本文从心理疏导的含义及理念、途径和意义等方面对大学生思想政治教育心理疏导进行了新的解析。     

丝绸之路经济带建设中宁夏的优势与困境分析

宁夏是丝绸之路经济带建设中一个重要的战略支点,为此宁夏必须充分发挥其独特的区位优势、丰富的农牧、旅游、清真产品优势以及辐射穆斯林地区的人文交流优势等。文章针对宁夏产业结构的不合理、基础设施落后、伊斯兰金融发展滞后等问题,提出宁夏可积极争取中央支持和完善沿线省区地区的合作机制,通过办好中阿博览会、构建绿色丝绸之路大通道、打造中阿人文交流合作示范区等措施,以期为经济社会迅速发展提供建议。