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1.
Bruna De Marchi 《Risk analysis》1991,11(2):207-215
In 1982 the Council of the European Communities issued a Directive on the Major Accident Hazards of Certain Industrial Activities, commonly known as the Seveso Directive. Besides other requirements, the Directive specifies that members of the public liable to be affected by a major accident from certain industrial activities must be informed of safety measures and how they should behave in the event of an accident. The Directive was subsequently amended in an extensive way. Upon the transposition of the Seveso Directive and its amendments into national legislations, the 12 European Member States are faced with the task of "appropriately and effectively" informing the public about major accident hazards. Delays are observed throughout the community, both in transposing the Directives and implementing public information. A pilot study on "Risk Information Needs" was commissioned and carried out at two Seveso sites in Italy in order to begin to resolve some of the problems involved in the provision of public information and to suggest appropriate guidelines. One hundred subjects answered an experimental protocol designed to assess their "information needs." This article presents the theoretical background, the pragmatic aims, and the design of the study. It also summarizes its most relevant findings and suggests some recommendations for the provision of information to the public. 相似文献
2.
AbstractThe current study compared older children’s (11/12-year-olds) and adolescents’ (14/15-year-olds) vulnerability to false memory creation using two different methods (i.e., the Deese/Roediger-McDermott [DRM] and memory conformity paradigms) involving neutral and negative stimuli. In line with previous research, a developmental reversal effect was found for the DRM paradigm, which means that when employing this method children displayed lower false memory levels than adolescents. However, when using the memory conformity paradigm, the opposite pattern was found, with adolescents forming fewer false memories than children. This indicates that in a co-witness context, adolescents are less prone to memory errors than children. The emotional valence of the stimuli used in both paradigms did not notably affect the production of false memories. There was no statistically significant correlation between false memories as measured by the DRM and the memory conformity paradigms. Altogether, the current study indicates that there is no single type of false memory as different experimental paradigms evoke different types of erroneous recollections. Additionally, our study corroborates past findings in the literature concerning the issue of developmental reversal, strengthening the idea that under certain circumstances children might indeed be better witnesses than adolescents. 相似文献
3.
The Extended Metropolitan Area in a New EU Member State: Implications for a Rural Development Approach 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
M. Bruna Zolin 《Transition Studies Review》2007,14(3):565-573
I examine the role of rural development strategies in a new member state (Romania) of the European Union and, in particular,
analyse the case of the metropolitan area of the Bucharest-Ilfov region. The analysis concerns the selected strategies for
rural development in the programming period 2007–2013. It must be noted that Romania is divided into nonadministrative development
regions and that the process of land privatisation is not yet concluded. These factors could have a negative influence on
the implementation of the interventions. The analysed region is situated in the Southern part of the country and in the central
part of the Romanian Plan. The total surface is about 1.8 square kilometres, of which 12.5% are occupied by the town of Bucharest
and 87.5% by Ilfov County; however, approximately 88% of the population is concentrated in the urban center and only 12% in
Ilfov County. The case study is characterised on the one hand by a high growth rate of the gross domestic product, a relatively
low unemployment rate, and increasing consumer good sales (mainly food and beverages); on the other, by some marked disparities
in macroeconomic indicators among regions and between rural and urban areas and an enormous lack of infrastructures. The case
study thus calls for a local approach in order to identify the strategies required to improve the quality of life of the regional
inhabitants (both in rural and urban areas) and to prevent pressure from the urban centre from compromising the rich rural
heritage
相似文献
4.
Bruna Maria Giuseppina Dang Rey Scotto Marie-José Ammari Aymen 《Journal of Management and Governance》2019,23(4):915-938
Journal of Management and Governance - Drawing from a sample of French companies that made up the SBF 120 index over the period 2006–2010 (before the enactment of the... 相似文献
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The outbreak of the pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 (swine flu) between March and April 2009 challenged the health services around the world. Indeed, misconceptions and worries have led the public to refuse to comply with precautionary measures. Moreover, there have been limited efforts to develop models incorporating cognitive, social‐contextual, and affective factors as predictors of compliance with recommended behaviors. The aim of this study was to apply a social‐cognitive model of risk perception and individual response to pandemic influenza H1N1 in a representative sample of Italian population. A sample of 1,010 Italians of at least 18 years of age took part in a telephone survey. The survey included measures of perceived preparedness of institutions, family members and friends’ levels of worry, exposure to media campaigns (social‐contextual factors), perceived coping efficacy, likelihood of infection, perceived seriousness, personal impact, and severity of illness (cognitive evaluations), affective response and compliance with recommended behaviors. Results demonstrated that affective response fully mediated the relationship between cognitive evaluations and social‐contextual factors (with the exception of exposure to media campaigns) and compliance with recommended behaviors. Perceived coping efficacy and preparedness of institutions were not related to compliance with recommended behaviors. 相似文献
7.
Economic theory explains the supply of volunteering alternatively as an ordinary consumer good or an investment good. This paper provides a simultaneous approach, considering both objectives, by using the psychological distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, in order to reconcile conflicting results reported in the literature. Following the simultaneity approach, the paper develops a theoretical model of unpaid labour supply within an agent's two-period utility maximization problem, taking into account the role of psychological motivation. The theoretical hypotheses are tested with a sample selection model for Italy, by using the 1997 Multipurpose Households Survey on everyday life issues carried out by the Italian National Statistical Office. A robustness analysis and endogeneity test for intrinsic motivation are also performed. Empirical analysis rejects the hypothesis that only a consumption or investment motive can explain Italian volunteers’ behaviour, supporting the hypothesis that both motives interact in shaping regular unpaid labour supply, with a stronger impact of consumption motives. The relevant variables for frequently supplied unpaid labour are intrinsic motivation, age, household income, family responsibilities and activity sector. 相似文献
8.
Elvira Cicognani Cinzia Albanesi Davide Mazzoni Gabriele Prati Bruna Zani 《Revista de Psicología Social》2016,31(2):282-316
The aim of the study was to assess the role of some psychosocial factors in explaining offline and online civic engagement intentions in a sample of Italian and second generation migrant (Albanian and Moroccan) adolescents and young adults living in Italy. The theoretical model was an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour including past experience. The sample included 598 adolescents and young adults (M = 19.32, SD = 3.17). Two hundred were Italian (88 males, 44.0%), 197 migrants of Albanian origin (130 males, 66%) and 201 migrants of Moroccan origin (116 males, 57.7%). Moroccan youth reported higher levels of both past civic engagement and future intentions than Albanian and Italian peers. Perceived effectiveness of civic engagement and past experience are consistently associated with stronger intentions to engage in the future (offline and online) in all groups. Internal efficacy plays a limited role, whereas the role of subjective norms differs according to the group and the source of normative influence (parents, peers). 相似文献
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10.
Can Wind Energy Make a Real Contribution to Improve the Quality of Life of Rural/Remote Areas? The European Union and India Compared 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Renewable energy can represent a solution to a series of issues including the scarcity of fossil resources, their growing
cost, their impact on the environment in terms of greenhouse emissions and climate change. Renewable energy, in particular,
could represent an aid to face the problems of isolation and resulting economic and social disadvantages in rural and remote
areas of developed but, over all, developing countries, where their use can be a solution to provide electricity and services
to resident populations in a sustainable way (both from an economic and environmental point of view) and so could contribute
to improve the standards and quality of life in these areas. Wind energy, in particular, has confirmed its worldwide success
story as the most dynamically growing energy source. This makes interesting a deepening of benefits but also of criticalities
which characterise this kind of energy resource, having in mind that recent studies have foreseen that wind energy would conquer
a 50% market share of new power plant installations worldwide by 2019. 相似文献